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August 28

 

IFRS LIFO suction could mean thinner cash flows, fatter tax bills

End of last-in, first-out accounting could  result in big hit to oil companies, chemical makers, metal benders and  retailers

By Ronald Fink December 22, 2008 ET

Companies ranging from oil giant Exxon Mobil to  steelmaker AK Steel and firearms manufacturer Sturm Ruger could see big tax increases  and hits to operating cash flow resulting from the convergence of U.S. generally  accepted accounting principles with international accounting standards, according  to a report released by the Georgia Tech Financial Analysis lab. 

Starting in 2010, large U.S. companies would face pressure to adopt international  financial reporting standards, which will eliminate the use of so-called last-in, first-out (LIFO) accounting for inventory unless the Internal Revenue  Service changes its rules. The change would likely have the biggest impact on  companies in the petroleum, metals and chemical industries, but retailers and  technology companies would also be affected, the lab  2s findings  show.

While the impact of the change to first-in, first-out accounting would increase  the value of their inventories, boosting pretax income, earnings, and shareholder  equity, it would also lead to higher tax liabilities and lower operating cash flow.

Overall, the study found that more than a third of U.S.  companies currently use LIFO accounting. Of the 30 companies whose results were  examined, the change would produce a 2% to 3% increase in taxes (as a percentage  of total assets) for a number of companies, including Allegheny Technologies,  Eastman Chemical, Grainger, Graybar Electric, Marathon Oil, Solutia, Spartan  Stores, Standard Register, Tennant, Twin Disc, United Refining, and Winnebago Industries.

The dumping of LIFO would be even harsher for AK  Steel, Sturm Ruger and Sunoco. The taxes for those companies would rise anywhere from  11% to 16% (based on 2007 results).

Exxon Mobil would see the biggest  dollar increase in taxes from the switch, with its liability for the year  rising by almost $9 billion.

Actual differences will depend on the course  of commodity prices. But Charles Mulford, an accounting professor who  directs the Georgia Tech lab, noted that oil prices, for example, which saw a big  run-up in early 2008, are now about at the same level they were in 2007.

He  also noted that while the IRS could grant companies an exemption from its  effects on tax liabilties, the federal government may come to regard the switch as  a stealthy way to boost revenue.   93Congress may come to see it as a  windfall profits tax,  94 Mr. Mulford said.

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