Exam 2 Sample questions:

A plant has the following characteristics:

the mystery plant is a seed plant, leaves have parallel venation, a fibrous root system and flower parts in groups of three.

The plant is most likely:

A. A fern
B. A pine tree
C. A monocot *
D. A dicot

Plant cells with thin, flexible cell walls that are living at maturity are most likely:

A. Parenchyma *
B. Collenchyma
C. Schlerenchyma
D. Xylem

Plant cells which are dead at functional maturity with thick secondary cell walls that function in plant support are most likely:

A. Parenchyma
B. Collenchyma
C. Schlerenchyma (
D. Phloem

What type of water transport cell has a large diameter and is only found in Angiosperms?

A. Collenchyma
B. Tracheids
C. Vessels *
D. Phloem

This plant tissue type is generally a single layer of cells which function as the "skin" of the plant and is composed primarily parenchyma cells.

A. dermal tissue *
B. ground tissue
C. vascular tissue

Which of the following structures is responsible for protecting the root apical meristem?

A. root cap *
B. quiescent center
C. phellogen

All of the following are found in dicot roots EXCEPT:

A. Zone of cell division
B. Zone of metabolism *
C. Zone of elongation
D. Zone of maturation

Dicot roots branch from the:

A. epidermis
B. cortex
C. endodermis
D. pericycle *

Which of the following plants has a single ring of discrete vascular bundles?

A. monocots
B. herbaceous dicots *
C. woody dicots

Which of the following plants lacks secondary growth?

A. monocots *
B. herbaceous dicots
C. woody dicots

Which of the following statements about the vascular cambium is TRUE?

A. the vascular cambium is only found in dicots *
B. the vascular cambium produces phloem to the inside and xylem to the outside
C. the vascular cambium is responsible for production of the periderm
D. All of the above statements are FALSE

In a moss, the _________ generation produces the spores and the _______ generation produces the sperm and eggs

A. sporophyte; gametophyte *
B. sporophyte; sporophyte
C. gametophyte; sporophyte
D. gametophyte; gametophyte

Which of the following plants has a free-living gametophyte?

A. Boston fern (fern) *
B. pine tree (conifer)
C. daisy (angiosperm)

Which of the following is NOT and advantage of being a seed plant?

A. The sporophyte can manufacture food for the embryo
B. The sporophyte can protect the egg and the embryo
C. The seed does not have to immediately germinate when it hits the soil
D. The seed has a durable seed coat that protects the embryo
E. All of the above are advantages of being a seed plant *

Where is the egg cell in an angiosperm

A. sepal
B. petal
C. anther
D. ovule *

Fruits are made to be eaten by animals

A. True *
B. False

The nectar produced by angiosperms attracts insects to the flower - this is an unfortunate side effect of nectar production.

A. True
B. False *

There is no evidence of angiosperm coevolution with insects

A. True
B. False *

The concentration of solutes in the central vacoule of a plant cell is 0.5 mM. The concentration of soulutes in the surrounding environment is 0.2 mM.

A. The central vacuole has a lower water potential than the surrounding medium *
B. The central vacuole has a higher water potential than the surrounding medium
C. The central vacuole and the surrounding medium have the same water potential

Which of the following statements about the Casparian strip is FALSE?

A. It is found of the pericycle *
B. It is composed of suberin, a waxy substance that prevents water flow
C. Water must enter into the symplast to bypass the Casparian strip
D. All of the above statements about the Casparian strip are TRUE

Root pressure is the major force in plant respiration

A. True
B. False *

The transpiration rate of a C₃ plant is greater than that of a C₄ plant

A. True *
B. False

Which of the following statements about stomates is FALSE?

A. Stomatal opening and closing is the function of the guard cells
B. When the stomates are open, the internal concentration of K+ is low *
C. Stomatal opening is triggered by light
D. Stomatal opening is also tied to a 24 hour cycle (a circadian rhythm)
E. All of the above statements about stomates are TRUE

Which of the following is NOT an adaptation seen in xeropytes?

A. Thick cuticles
B. Loss of leaves
C. White leaves
D. Sunken stomates
E. All of the above are adaptations seen in xerophytes *

Translocation in plants is from the sucrose source to the sucrose sink

A. True *
B. False

Matching - Match the stage of mitosis on the left with the appropriate definition on the right

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase A. DNA polymerase is mose active occurs during this stage
B. The centromeres break during this stage
C. The majority of Cytokinesis occurs during this stage
D. The nuclear membrane dissolves during this stage
E. The chromosomes all line up in the equator during this stage

The ploidy of the mother cell and the daughter cells is the same after mitosis

A. True *
B. False

A cell plate is generated during cytokinesis of animal cells

A. True
B. False *

What type of cell would not exhibit contact inhibition?

A. Lung cells
B. Muscle cells
C. Nervous cells
D. Cancerous cells *

During mitosis, MPF switches itself off by initiating a process that leads to the destruction of cyclin

A. True *
B. False

During what stage of meiosis do the centromeres break, separating the sister chromatids?

A. Metaphase I
B. Metaphase II
C. Anaphase I
D. Anaphase II *

Matching - Match the scientist on the left with their contribution to science on the right

Frederick Griffith
Avery, McCarthy, MacLeod
Hershey and Chase
Watson and Crick
Meselson & Stahl

A. First described the structure of DNA
B. First described the phenomenon of bacterial transformation
C. Demonstrated that DNA replication is semi-conservative
D. Worked with proteases and DNAses to determine the agents of transformation
E. Worked with radiolabeled bacteriophages and demonstrated that DNA was the molecule of heredity

Prokaryote DNA synthesis has many replication bubbles

A. True
B. False *

The leading strand in DNA synthesis is one continuously forming strand of DNA while the lagging strand is a series of Okazaki fragments

A. True *
B. False

Which of the following is NOT required for initiation of protein synthesis?

A. Small ribosomal subunit
B. mRNA
C. tRNA
D. aminoacyl t-RNA synthetase *
E. All of the above are required for initiation of protein synthesis

There is a tRNA with the anticodon 3' AUU 5'

A. True
B. False * (the codon is a stop codon and there are no tRNA's which correspond to stop codons)

A frameshift mutation will generally affect more amino acids in a protein than a point mutation

A. True *
B. False

Operons are commonly found in eukaryotic genetic systems

A. True
B. False *

Which of the following is NOT a sequence found in a promoter?

A. TATA box
B. CAAT box
C. T & A box *
D. None of the above

Which of the following is not found in a transcription factor (a protein which binds to DNA)

A. Leucine zipper
B. Zinc finger
C. Helix-turn-helix
D. Pleated shag *

Which blood vessel carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs?

A. Vena cava
B. Pulomary Artery *
C. Pulmonary vein
D. Aorta

Veins have thick, elastic walls

A. True
B. False *

Which of the following blood vessels posses valves to prevent backflow?

A. Arteries
B. Arterioles
C. Capillaries
D. Veins *

Which side of the heart contains deoxygenated blood?

A. The right side *
B. The left side
C. The middle

The ventricles of the heart are contracting during the __________

A. Systole *
B. Parastole
C. Diastole
D. Eustole
E. Filet of sole

Which of the below cells are responsible for the clotting of blood?

A. Erythrocytes
B. Leucocytes
C. Platelets *
D. Macrophages

The function of the epiglottis is to:

A. prevent food from traveling down the bronchi to the lungs *
B. to aid in speech
C. to keep the bronchi from collapsing
D. facilitate gas exchange in the lungs
E. none of the above

Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in the

A. pharynx
B. larynx
C. epiglottis
D. bronchi
E. alveoli *

Which of the following statements about CO₂ transport in the blood is FALSE?

A. The concentration of CO₂ in the blood is lower than that of the surrounding tissues
B. A small percentage of CO₂ can bind to hemoglobin
C. CO₂ reacts with a water molecule to form carbonic acid, which dissociates to form a bicarbonate ion
D. Carbonic anhydrase catalzyes the reaction of CO₂ and water to form carbonic acid
E. All of the above statements about CO₂ transport in the blood are TRUE? *

Matching - match the organ on the right with the mode of digestion on the left

Mouth
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine

A. Chemical digestion and absorption only
B. Chemical digestion only
C. Mechanical and chemical digestion
D. Absorption and compaction
E. Mechanical digestion only

Which of the organs below has the greatest internal surface area?

A. Mouth
B. Stomach
C. Small Intestine *
D. Large Intestine