Table of Contents
Speciation
Review: The Biological Species Concept
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Speciation
Two Basic Patterns
Anagenesis
Cladogenesis
Why Do We Have Separate Species At All?
The Evolution of New Species Results From (and also causes) Barriers to Allele Flow.
There are Two Basic Categories: Prezygotic Isolation Mechanisms Postzygotic Isolation Mechanisms
Prezygotic Isolation Mechanisms
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Temporal Isolation
Behavioral Isolation
Examples:
Mechanical Isolation
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Postzygotic Isolation Mechanisms
Hybrid Inviability
Hybrid Sterility
Low Hybrid Fitness
There Are Two Basic Types of Speciation: Allopatric and Sympatric
Allopatric Speciation
If the Geographic Barrier is Removed, the Two Species May:
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Example: the Drongo
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How Long Does Allopatric Speciation Take?
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Sympatric Speciation
Mechanisms of Sympatric Speciation
Polyploidy and Interspecific Hybridization
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Host Shift
Parapatry
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Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Systematics
The Taxonomic Heiriarchy
Inferring Phylogeny
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Homology
Types of Characters Used in Cladistics
Example of a Homology
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Homoplasy
Example of a Homoplasy
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