Segregation
Diploid organisms must form haploid gametes via the process of meiosis.
They therefore start with two copies of every gene, but produce gametes with only one copy of each gene.
Segregation is the process by which the different alleles of a diploid organism are packaged into separate gametes.
Example: A heterozygote for the albino gene, for example, would produce two types of gametes, a and A. This process occurs at every locus, and is a result of the seperation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis.