Exam 2 VOCABULARY

(1 – 1/2N) = (2N – 1)/2N

1 – r, r

1/2N

Absolute fitness

Acclimatization

Accumulate

Adaptation

Adult

Albino

Allele, Allele

Allele frequency, Allele frequency

Allometry

Allopatric

Anagenesis, Anagenesis

Aneuploid, Aneuploidy

Annual

Antibiotic resistance

Apomixsis

Asteroid impact

Autosomal dominant

Autosomal recessive

Biennial

Bifurcating pattern

Biogeography

Biological species concept

Biparentally reproducing

Branch

Breed

Camouflage

Cell cycle

Cell Division Cycle

centiMorgans

Chi-squared test, Chi-squared test

Chromosome, Chromosome

Clade

Cladistics

Cladogenesis

Clonal life cycle

clone

Codon

Color blindness

Common environment

Complete set of chromosomes

Continuity of life

Cretaceous

Critical value

Cross, Cross

Cross-fertilization

Cultural Growth Cycle

Cytokinesis

Degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom

Deleterious

demography

Difference matrix

Differential survival

Diffusion

Diploid, Diploid

Directional selection, directional selection

Domestic

Dominant

Double heterozygote

Down syndrome

Drift, Drift

Dynamic

effects of migration on genetic differentiation

Efficiency

Egg

Emasculated

Epistasis

Equivalent alleles

Eugenics

Evolution

Evolutionary future

Expectation

Expected genotype frequencies

Expected number, Expected number

Expected proportion

Extinct

F1

F2

F3

fecundity

Female

Fertilization, Fertilization

Fitness

Forensic genetics

Form and function

Fossils

Frequency in next generation

Frequency of dominant phenotype

Gamete, gametes, Gametes

Gametic genotype, Gametic genotype

Gene

Gene flow

gene order

Gene/environment interaction

genetic bottleneck

genetic differentiation

Genetic variation

Genotype, Genotype

Genotype counts

Genotype frequencies, Genotype frequency

Genotype to phenotype mapping

Geographic structure

Haploid

Haploid number

Heterozygous

Hierarchical

Homology

Homozygous

Hybrid vigor

Hybrid zone

Hypotheses

immaturity

Increase in variation

Independent, Independent (probability sense)

Independent assortment, Independent assortment

Individuality

Integrated pest management

Interactions among loci

Inversely proportional

Italicized

Juvenile

Klinefelter syndrome

Larva

life cycle

life expectancy

Lineage

Lines

Linkage

Linnaean

Locus, Locus

Loss of variation

Macromutations

Malaria

Male

map units

mapping

Mass extinctions

Mating independent of genotype

maturity

meiosis

Mitosis

Molecular clock, Molecular clock

monomorphic

Monophyletic

Morphospecies

Multiple alleles

Mutation, Mutation

Mutually exclusive

N, N

N vs 2N

Natural selection

Nature

Necessary

net reproductive rate

Neutral substitution

Neutral theory

New phenotype

Node

Nurture

Observed number

Origin

Outgroup

p², 2pq, q²

Parental type

Parsimony

Parthenogenesis

Pedigree, Pedigree

per capita growth rate

Perennial

Pesticide resistance

Phenetic classification

Phenotype, Phenotype, Phenotype

Phylogenetic species

Phylogeny

Point mutation

polymorphic

Polytomy, Polytomy

Population growth

Probability

probability of fixation

Propagated by grafting

Proportional

Pupa

Quantitative prediction

Random mating

Range

Rapid genetic change

Recessive, Recessive

Reciprocal crosses

Recombinant type

recombination fraction

Redundancy

Relationships

Relative fitness

Reproductive isolation

r_max

Root

Rotation about node

Rules of genetics

Secondary contact

Segregation, Segregation

Selectively equivalent alleles

Self-fertilization

Selfing

Sex

sex determination

Sex linkage

Sexes

Sexual dimorphism

Shared derived characteristics

Sickle cell anemia

Sister chromatids

Sister taxa

Slash notation, slash notation

Species

Species radiations

Sperm

Stabilizing selection, stabilizing selection

Star phylogeny

Subspecies

Sufficient

Sum of the frequencies

Summation

Surface area

survivorship

symbols

Sympatric

Synapomorphies

Taster vs non-taster

Taxa

Taxonomic hierarchy

Test cross

Time of divergence

Trade-offs

Transmission

Transmitted to offspring

True-breeding

Turner syndrome

Uniformity of F1 individuals

Uniparental reproduction, Uniparental reproduction

Vicariance

Vigorous

Volume

X chromosome

Y chromosome

Zygote

biome

tropical

temperate

disturbance

clear-cutting

ecoregions

subcanopy

vine

shade tolerance

disturbance regime

wildfire

prescribed burn

gradient

conifer