ARNOLD D. STEINBERG DDS, MS 
Abbreviated Vita        

Professor of Periodontics and Biochemistry,
Department of Periodontics
University of Illinois at Chicago, Dental School

stein@uic.edu
Phone: (312) 996-4599
Fax: (312) 996-0943

Current Research Activities (Haptics)
 Current research involves developing a prototype haptic-based 3D, virtual reality (VR) dental simulator for training first year dental and hygiene students for periodontal procedures.  The addition of haptics allows the trainee to feel and interact with onscreen objects.  The device is designed for training and evaluation of performance by dental students, hygiene students and practicing professionals in periodontal probing.   A first generation experimental test bed system for periodontal probing has been developed to provide a haptic force feedback and haptic guidance system for interaction with an onscreen 3D, VR model of a human upper and lower dental arch along with the various oral components (teeth and  their supportive structures).  A control panel is available for fine control of a variety of parameters and 4 dental instruments have been created for use with the simulator.  The system permits instructor creation of short scenarios of periodontal procedures, such as periodontal probing, which can be stored and played back by the student at any future time.   During the playback, haptic guidance will physically guide the student holding the stylus through the instructor recorded 3D directions. This system is being developed by the University of Illinois at Chicago through collaborative efforts of the College of Dentistry and the College of Engineering and is ideally suited for continuing education use by the dental practitioner and/or ancillary workers.  (http://www.uic.edu/classes/dadm/dadm396/ADSreserch/Intro.htm).
Research interests: Information technology in Dentistry, creating interactive courses on CD-ROM, use of robotics and  haptics (touch and force-feed back) technology in computer based dental simulation programs and treating dental caries as an infectious disease.

Awards:
Fellow International College of Dentists,  Fellow American College of Dentists, Fellow Academy of General Dentistry, Fellow Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, Listed in Personalities of the West and Midwest, Who's Who in Dentistry, Who's Who in America,  Who's Who in Medicine and Healthcare, Who's Who in Frontier Science & Technology,  Listed in International Directory of Distinguished Leaders (1986),  Listed in Personalities of America,  Listed in Who's Who in Science and Engineering,  Listed in Who's Who in the Mid-west,  Listed in Who’s Who In Medicine and Healthcare, 1998 received the Harold Berk Award for Excellence in the Field of Oral Health Care to the disabled. Received Instructional Computing in Dentistry Award for a CD-ROM developed to aid in training dental and hygiene students in planing and scaling. Presented at the American Dental Education Association meeting, March 4, 2001, Chicago, IL

TEACHING ACTIVITIES.
Dental informatics lectures.
Oral Science review-Lecture in Haptics in Dentistry.

COMPUTER/WEB-BASED COURSE DEVELOPMENT:
Developed an off-Web course in Cariology for third year dental students.
Developed an off-Web course in the Biochemistry of Periodontal Disease (on CD-ROM).           
Developed a Dental Informatics Curriculum for the Dental School at: http://www.uic.edu/classes/dadm/dadm396/
 Developed a Web-based Cariology course at : http://www.uic.edu/classes/peri/peri343/main2.htm
Developed a CD-ROM-based training module on "Root planing and scaling" and "Introduction to the use of the Cavitron" used by first year students. This won a prize at the American Dental Education Association meeting in Feb 2001.

RECENT GRANTS:
1996-1997   Curriculum development grant to develop a computer based training module for the cariology course.
 1998-1999  Curriculum development grant to develop a computer based module for the Preventive Dentistry course.  
1999-2000  Curriculum development grant to develop a motion tracking system for the evaluation and training of dental students and hygienists in the basic skill of scaling and root planing.
2001-present  College of Dentistry grant to develop a dental simulator  using both virtual reality and real-time models with the application of haptics and robotics.  This initial system focuses on training students in the basic skill of scaling and root planing.
2005-2006  University of Illinois at Chicago Campus Research Board Grant, $12,000.  Co Investigator with Milos Zefran PI,  College of Engineering.  Medical applications of haptics.

 SOFTWARE EXPERIENCE:
 Word processing, spreadsheets, authoring programs such as ToolBook (Asymetrix), Flash, FrontPage, Dreamweaver, PowerPoint, Corel Draw, Photoshop and a variety of other programs for publishing to the Web.

 PAST RESEARCH ACTIVITIES: 
1.  Drug induced gingival overgrowth and its prevention.  
2  The transport of high molecular weight substances through sulcular epithelium and their relationship to the induction of periodontal disease. 
 3.  Blood clot formation and attachment to variously treated root surfaces and the relationship to healing of these root surfaces.
4.  Platelet beta-thromboglobulin levels in crevicular fluid and its possible relationship to the induction of periodontal disease.
5.  Bottled beverages and dental caries.

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:
 In private practice part-time since 1956.  General Practitioner. Retired from private practice July, 1994.
1957 - 1958 Part-time appointment to staff of La Rabida Hospital Dental Clinic.
1958 - 1979 Associate attending physician, Michael Reese Hospital, Dental Department, Division of Dentistry for the Handicapped.  Consultant, Therapeutic Nursery at Michael Reese Hospital.
1963 - 1971 Director Lincoln Dental Caries study at Lincoln State School, Lincoln, Illinois.  This clinical dental caries study to observe the effect of bottled beverages upon dental caries and was sponsored by the Illinois State Dental Society.
1964 - 1967 Instructor and Research Associate in Biochemistry, University of Illinois School of Medicine.
1970 - 1976 Consultant at the Illinois Institute of Technology. Research Institute.
1967 - 1972 Assistant Professor, Periodontics, University of Illinois College of Dentistry. 
1974 -present Appointment in the Graduate College, Dept of Biochemistry, University of Illinois  Medical Center.
1972 - 1976 Associate Professor, Periodontics, University of Illinois College of Dentistry.
1976 -present  Professor Periodontics and Biochemistry.
1980 -2000. Director of the Cariology Course.
1998-present Dental Informatics and Learning Technology

LECTURES AND CLINICS:
Numerous lectures and clinics on Treating Dental Caries as an infectious Disease and Dental application of Information Technology.
-Presented a Continuing Education course in Treating Dental Caries as an infectious Disease yearly at UIC College of Dentistry 1994-2002.
-New Technologies in Dentistry 2006.  Presented to the Illini Dental Society, Champaign, IL, March 15,2006.
-Using 3D imaging for classroom projection through PowerPointTM.  UIC College of Dentistry, Faculty CE,  Chicago, IL, May 24, 2006. 

Consultations:
Invited to participate in a “Thinktank” session on uses of Xylitol. Innotech Corporation, June 5, 2000 at the Renaissance Waverly Hotel, Atlanta, GA. 

Patents:
Steinberg, A, Drummond, J, Banerjee, P, Zefran, M, Luciano, C.  Combined visual and tactile medical procedure simulation. Provisional Patent Application, University of Illinois at Chicago, filed in July 2003.
Banerjee, P,  Luciano, C, Dawe G, Florea L, Steinberg, A, Drummond, J, Zefran, M.  Compact Haptic and Augmented Virtual Reality System. Provisional Patent Application, University of Illinois at Chicago, filed in January 24,2006.

Reviews of Current Research:
Dental Simulator reviewed in the Chicago Tribune Sunday Supplement Magazine “Elite” in  October, 2005.
A review of Simulator research published in the J of the California Dental Association, Janyce Hamilton ,Robots, Bionics, and Bioengineered Replacement Parts in Dentistry  4:36-38, Jan 2006  http://www.cda.org/cda_member/pubs/journal/jour0106/hamilton.pdf

 PUBLICATIONS AND ABSTRACTS:
Published over 50 scientific papers and over 25 abstracts.
Sample publications,
-Steinberg, A.D., Alves, M., Lipowski, J. and LeBriton, G.:  Platelet association with gingival inflammation. J. Periodontol, 66:860-863,  1995 
-Drummond, J.L., Sakaguchi, R.L., Racean, D.C., Wozny, J., and   Steinberg, A.D.  Variables in dentin bond testing.  J. Biomed Matr Res,32:533-541, 1996.
-Drummond, J.L. Steinberg, A.D., Kraus, A.R.   X-ray photo-emission and   energy dispersive spectroscopy of hydroxyapatite coated titanium. J. Amer. Ceramic Soc, 80:1868-72,  1997.
-Steinberg, A.D  Metamorphose: Conversion of a class‑room lecture to computer‑based‑learning program.   Syllabus98 Conference Proceedings,  July 25‑31, 1998. http://www.syllabus.com/name_index.htm.
-Crawford, JM, Schardt, GD, Steinberg, AD.  Information for patients on dental school websites.  J. Dent Edu, 64:855-59, 2000
-Rada, RE, Messieha, Z, Steinberg, AD, High-tech special care dentistry: digital radiography in the operating room. Dentistry Today, 20:110-111, 2001.
-Steinberg, AS, Runzo, RS.  The 50-year history of the Academy of Dentistry for Persons with Disabilities. Sp Care Dent, 22:133-36, 2002.
-Steinberg AD, Bashook P,  Drummond JL, Ashrafi S, Žefran M. Validation Study of PerioSim©, a Haptic-3D Virtual Reality Dental Training Simulator. J Dent Res Submitted for publication 5-2007.

Abstracts:
- Saniat, J., Steinberg, A.D. Alves, M., Willey, R. and Drummond, J. and Wibel, R.:  Clot formation on HA/TI surfaces in extraction sites and Marrow. J.Dent Res. Program and   Abstr. # 2284. 72:341, 1993.
- Steinberg, A.D., Alves, M., Lipowski, J. and LeBreton, G.: Evidence of platelet activation in crevicular fluid. Centennial Symposium, U. at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Program and Abstr. # 3-5, # P33, 1993.
- Drummond, J.L.. Steinberg, A.D.,  Krauss, A.R. & Giordono.  X-ray photo-emission and energy-dispersive spectroscopy of Ha-coated Titanium. J.Dent Res Program and Abstr. # 789, 74:110, 1995.
- Steinberg, A.D., Alves, M., Silverglade, L. and Joiner, T.  Platelets in human crevicular fluid: Interaction with other inflammatory cells. J.Dent.Res Program and Abstr. # 552, 74:469, 1995.
- Reznikov, F,  Steinberg, A.D. and Alves, M.  Twenty-four hour healing at Titanium/bone interface and ePTFE..  J.Dent.Res Program and Abstr. # 552, 74:469, 1998.
- Steinberg, A.D. Use of authoring software to convert a class-room lecture series in Cariology into a computer-based learning program. J Dent Edu, 63:144,1999.
- Steinberg, AD,  Use of Dynamic HTML(Dreamweaver) to create an interactive internet course in Cariology, J Dent Edu. 64,149.2000,
- Steinberg, AD,  An Interactive CD-ROM Program to Facilitate for Teaching Root Planing and Scaling. J Dent Edu. 65,129.2001.
- Steinberg, AD.  A real-time simulation program using motion tracking for training scaling and root planing. J Dent Edu. 66,182, 2002,
-Steinberg, AD.  Banerjee, P. Drummond, J. Zefran, M. Progress in the Development of a Haptic/Virtual Reality Simulation Program for Scaling and Root Planing. J Dent Edu. 67,161, 2003
-Steinberg AD, Drummond  J, Banerjee P, Luciano, C. A haptics-based, 3D, virtual reality periodontal training simulator.  J Dent Edu, Abstract,  2005; 69:107.
-Steinberg AD, Drummond JL, Bashook PG, Zefran, M. Haptic-based, 3D, virtual reality dental training simulator. Simulation Technology in Medical Education, Oct. 14, 2005, NorthW School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
-Annual MeetingAADR 35th Annual Meeting in Orlando:
-Steinberg AD, Drummond JL, Bashook P, Žefran M, Ashrafi S. Haptic, 3D, Virtual Reality Dental Training Simulator Reality Validation, J Dent Res 85 (Spec Iss A):abstract number 1264, 2006 (www.dentalresearch.org).
-Steinberg AD, Žefran M, Kolesnikov M,  Ashrafi S, Drummond JL. Advances in Developing a Haptic-Based Periodontal Probing 3-D Virtual Simulator, J Dent Edu, Abstract,  2007; 71:113, 2007.

 
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Revised  March. 2007