In order to synthesize the correct protein, a ribosome "has to know" which reading frame to use and where, on mRNA, to start translation.
The sequence of nucleotides in mRNA can be read in three READING FRAMES
In order to synthesize the correct protein, a ribosome "has to know" which reading frame to use and where, on mRNA, to start translation.
The general rule of translation initiation: protein synthesis always starts with methionine codon (AUG). However, eukaryotes and prokaryotes use different mechanisms for initiation of translation reflecting the difference in gene organization in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
Initiation of translation in prokaryotes
RIBOSOME STRUCTURE
