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Name: KEY |
Psychology 100
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Exam 2 |
1.
Which of the following does not characterize PDP models
(a)
schematic processing
(b)
graceful degradation
(c)
generalization
(d)
autonomic activity
2. The artificial neural network depicted below is capable of performing which of the following logical operations?
(a)
A, not B
(b)
B, not A
(c)
neither A nor B
(d)
A or B
3.
We designed an artificial neural network in class using students. This network was capable of performing which of the following perceptual-cognitive
tasks?
(a)
correctly perceiving a complete dog when only part of a dog was shown
(b)
distinguishing a T from an L, rotated in a variety of positions
(c)
learning facts and trivia, but not motor or perceptual skills
(d)
distinguishing between correct and incorrect uses of verbs
4.
According to Darwin, the evolution of physical traits (e.g., beak size) by
natural selection requires
(a)
heritable variation and differential reproductive success
(b)
DNA
(c)
adaptations
(d)
geographic distance
5.
The English peppered moth provides an example of
(a)
how some non-human species can exhibit human-like intelligence
(b)
how geographic separation can lead to divergence between species
(c)
how some organisms may evolve through competition with organisms of their own
species
(d)
how natural selection can shape the color of moths
6.
McKeown’s research on the dsf gene in fruit flies demonstrates that
(a)
specific genes can play a role in complex behaviors, such as those involved in
mating
(b)
specific genes can play a role in simple behaviors, but not complex ones
(c)
some fruit flies are easier to please than others--if you give them the right
genes
(d)
genes influencing behavior are unlikely to be heritable
7. According to Carl Sagan’s Cosmic Calendar,
if we were to squeeze history to fit into one calendar year (with the “big
bang” marking Jan 1 and Dec 31 marking the present), then humans would have
emerged on which day?
(a)
Dec 31
(b)
Jan 6
(c)
Dec 1
(d)
June 6
8. Which of the following primates do we share
the largest proportion of our genes with?
(a)
Old World monkeys
(b)
pygmy chimpanzees
(c)
orangutan
(d)
gibbons
9. According to lecture, social traits, such as
caregiving, kissing, and protection, are what make humans different from other
animals.
(a)
true
(b)
false
10. Inclusive fitness refers to
(a)
the ability to include your family in your will
(b)
the ability to pass one’s genes on to the next generation directly or
indirectly
(c)
the ability to pass one’s genes on to the next generation directly
(d)
one’s athletic ability in all athletic domains
11.
Research discussed in lecture indicates that men, more than women, value
__________ in a potential mate.
(a)
youth and beauty
(b)
intellect
(c)
friendliness and a good sense of humor
(d)
an outgoing personality
12. Is this pattern (question 11) true in all
the cultures summarized in class?
(a)
yes
(b)
no
13.
According to evolutionary theory, one consequence of the fact that women can
have fewer offspring over the course of a lifetime than men is that
(a)
women are more choosy in who they mate with
(b)
men are more choosy in who they mate with
14.
According to evolutionary theory, men experience more jealousy over the
prospect of sexual infidelity than women because
(a)
men are more emotionally sensitive than women
(b)
men are more trusting of their partners than women, so the notion of infidelity
hurts men more
(c)
if a partner has cheated once, he or she is likely to do it again
(d)
men can never be as certain as women about whether the child they are raising
is their own
15.
A female waist-to-hip ratio of about ___ is associated with _______.
(a)
.3; beauty
(b)
.7; health and attractiveness
(c)
.7; attractiveness
(d)
.3; health and attractiveness
16.
According to lecture, averaged faces are typically considered more
attractive because
(a)
people who are very attractive make us feel less good about ourselves
(b)
averaging makes a face look “normal”
(c)
averaging leads to a more symmetric face
(d)
we’re used to interacting with more than one person at one time
17.
According to Gangestad, facial symmetry is a manifestation of
(a)
a warm personality
(b)
atypical experiments
(c)
an individual with “blended” genes (i.e., parents from different races,
regions, etc.)
(d)
good genes or the integrity of “developmental design”
18.
The research by Gangestad discussed in class suggests that
(a)
women prefer the scent of asymmetrical men
(b)
symmetrical men are less likely to cheat on their partners
(c) women prefer the scent of symmetrical men during the time of the month when they are most likely to conceive
(d)
women generally prefer older men to younger men
19. According to evolutionary psychologists
(a)
mate preference differences between men and women are less striking when it
comes to long-term relationships
(b)
women prefer low-status men
(c)
mate preference differences between men and women are most striking when it
comes to long-term relationships
20.
Women are more likely than men to initiate a divorce due to
(a)
infidelity
(b)
cruelty or bad behavior
(c)
miscarriage
(d)
sex of offspring
21.
According to Straus, corporal punishment
(a)
helps teach children responsibility
(b)
has harmful consequences for children and society
(c)
should be avoided except when it is absolutely necessary
(d)
is rare in America
22. Adults who were corporally punished as
teenagers are _____ likely to abuse their spouses than adults who were not
corporally punished.
(a)
more
(b)
less
(c)
just as
23.
States in which teachers are more favorable toward corporal punishment have
(a)
higher murder rates
(b)
higher SAT scores
(c)
fewer disciplinary problems in schools
(d)
none of the above
24.
Although adults who were spanked as children are more likely to be sexually
aroused by masochistic ideas, this is correlation is especially strong for
adults who
(a)
were not told why they were being spanked
(b)
report having been abused by their parents
(c)
report warm, loving relationships with their parents
(d)
are uneducated
25.
According to Straus’ data, adults have a higher income if
(a)
they have a college education and have not been corporally punished by their
parents
(b)
they work hard in school
(c)
they have not been corporally punished by their parents
(d)
they have a college education