Therapies

Biological Therapies- psychiatrists
Drug Therapies
Antianxiety Drugs - tranquilizer
Antidepressant Drugs - tricyclics, MAO inhibitors, SSRI drugs
- SSRI - selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Lithium - used for bipolar
Antipsychotic Drugs - neuroleptics
- atypical antipsychotic medication - block the reputake of seritonin
Tardive dyskinesia

Electroconvulsive Therapy - shock therapy

Psychosurgery


Psychotherapies
Psychodynamic therapy - stresses the uncoscious mind, interpertation by therapist, and early childhood
            experiences
Freudian Psychoanalysis - technique for analyzing the unconscious mind
Free Association
Catharsis - release of emotional tension when reliving an emotionally charged experience
Dream Analysis
Manefest content - actual content of the dreasm
Latent content - what items within your dreams symbolize
Transference - relating to analyst in ways that relive important relationships
Resistence - defense mechanism that prevents analyst from knowing the true problem

Humanistic Therapies
Client Centered therapy - warm and supportive atmosphere where self concept of client can be improved
- unconditional positive regard
- genuineness
- active listening
Gestalt therapy - challenges the client to become more aware of their feelings

Behavioral Therapies
Systematic desensitization - based on classical conditioning
- associate relaxation with a stimuli that typically evokes anxiety
Aversion Conditioning - based on classical conditioning
- pairing an undesirable behavior with an aversive stimuli
Behavior modification - based on operant conditioning
- Token Economy


Cognitive Therapies
    - thoughts are the main source of abnormal behavior

Cognitive Restructuring - alter the way a person thinks

Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy
    - psychological disorder stem from self-defeating beliefs
    - 3 basic demand
        - MUST perform well
        - HAVE TO treat me kindly
        - life conditions SHOULD NOT be frustrating
    - goal of therapy is to rationally examine self-defeating
         beliefs

Beck’s Cognitive Therapy
    - used with Depression
    - assumption - people think illogically about themselves
    - therapy
        1) making connections between their patterns of
             thinking and emotional responses
        2) examine logical errors that lead to erroneous
             beliefs
            Some examples
            - world is harmful when given contrary evidence
            - overgeneralization based on a few of examples
            - magnifying importance of undesirable events
            - absolutist thinking

Cognitive- Behavior Therapy
    uses behavior methods to reduce self-defeating thoughts
    try to develop good sense of self efficacy

Group Therapy
    1) provides information
        both from therapist & group member
    2) universality
        Others have similar feelings/issues/thoughts as I do
    3) Altruism
        Members supportive of one another
    4) Corrective recapitulation of the family group
        group becomes like a family and can help with
         healing old problems and gain a more positive ties
    5) Development of Social Skills
    6) Interpersonal learning
        safe environment to “try out” new behaviors

Family and Couples therapy
    1) Validation
        - understanding and acceptance of each member
    2) Reframing
        reframe problems in terms of the family or pair and
        not as individual problems
    3) Structural change
        restructure the roles of members of the group
    4) Detriangulation
        tries to untangle problems and get to source of issues


Self-help Support groups
    generally not conducted by a therapist but by paraprofessional or someone with common interest

Examples
    AA (alcoholics anonymous)
        and other ____ anonymous groups
    SADD - (students against drunk driving)
    Infertility groups
    Ups for Downs (parents of children with Downs)
    ENCORE (breast cancer patients)
    GLB (gay lesbian and bisexual groups)
    Weight Watchers and TOPS

Goal is to
1) provide support and recognition that you are not alone with these types of issues/problems
2) individuals who model appropriate behaviors
3) information/strategies for reaching goals


Community Mental Health
    focuses on prevention
        primary prevention
            - prevent the disorder
        secondary prevention
            - early detection and limit degree of disorder
        tertiary prevention
            - maintenance programs
            - help to reintegrate individuals after resolution
             (or partial resolution)of problem

                         Professional             Years of Education
                         Psychiatrist                          7-9

                         Psychologist                        5-7

                        Counseling Psychologist        3-7
                        School Psychologist              3-7

                         Social Worker                     2-5

                         Counselor                                2

                         Psychiatric Nurse                  0-5
                         Occupational Therapist          0-5
                         Pastoral Counselor                0-5