examples:
ROY G. BIV
Every good boy deserves fudge
1. Method of Loci
Use familiar route or scene
Imagine to-be-remembered things along the
way
2. Key Words (Peg Words)
one is a bun
two is a shoe
three is a tree
four is a door
five is a hive
six is sticks
seven is heaven
eight is gate
nine is a line
ten is a hen
use this memorized structure, form images
3. Methods of Association
use structures already in memory
the alphabet, words, sounds of words
first letter technique
HOMES
RHYMING
I before E except after
C
30 days hath september,
april, june and november
4. Narrative technique (Bower & Clark, 1969)
use story structure
students learn 12 lists of 10 words
some students make up stories, some just read
words
immediate recall for each list is 99%
recall for ALL lists at end of first session
was 93% for the story
group and 13% for the control group
If you ever go on jeopardy learn this story:
Washington and Jefferson made many a joke. VanBuren had to put
the frying pan back. Lincoln just gasped, "Heaven guard America!"
Cleveland had coats made ready to wear home. Coolidge hurried
right to every kitchen jar nook. Ford could read books carefully, but....
How do mnemonics work?
Mnemonics provide structure
Mnemonics provide associations at encoding
Mnemonics provide retrieval cues
Mnemonics still require rehearsal, study and practice
Mnemonics help you to remember arbitrary lists by IMPOSING meaning,
organization or imagery