Vol. II, Spring 1986Vol. IV, Spring 1988


Mr. Jackson   Catherine Murphy
"Hey, Kid"   Steven H. Kroft
Work to Do   John LaPuma
Photograph   Lisa Leong
Area 40   Jennifer Bleak
Cadver Lab   Frank Papatheofanis
Vita Brevis   Doris Vidaver
Foolish Heart, Hagfish Hearts   David L. Schiedermayer
Grief   Bridget LaBanca
Carrie Lynn   Cheryll K. Owens
An Untimely Death   Sharon D. Brown
For John Tyler   Anne Stotts
Calligraphy   Lisa Leong
Sestina   Anne Stotts
Suicide   Anne Stotts
Drawing   Pat Korns
Untitled   Heolise Moran
E.R.   4 AM   Bonnie Salomon
Arrogance   David L. Schiedermayer
Cutting Life not Death   Justine Gasior
A Leper   Frank Papatheofanis
Drawing   Alfred Teoli
Physician Novecento   Alfred Teoli
Dead Yet Alive   Howard B. Chodash
The Long, Long Road   Denise Thompson
Dementia   Daniel J. Brauner
Photograph   Lisa Leong
Tabula Rasa   Jon M. Flacker
Photograph   Lisa Leong
Poetry in Microbiology   Teresa Tam
Fast Friends   Mary Vanko
Sir Doctor   Feiruz Shehadi
Reproduction   Feiruz Shehadi
Only the Body Remains   Mildred Pazmino
Photograph   Lisa Leong
Acknowledgements


MR. JACKSON

Catherine Murphy
College of Nursing, '87


"HEY, KID"

Steven H. Kroft
College of Medicine, '90
First Place Prize Winner


WORK TO DO

"You must be getting a lot of work done," said Sonya, drawing in on a cigarette, the smoke wafting from her pretty mouth as she talked. "Now that you're single again."

Yep, I thought. Sure. Last year, at 29, I'd moved from my Oceanside LA apartment to tough, gutsy Chicago, internal medicine residency completed. I'd spurned two offers some residents would have jumped at—one at a chic UCLA-affiliated hospital, and the other with a Long Beach private practice group. I never seriously considered private practice—fee payment for service seemed to make medical care too much like any other business. Six dollars per suture and $125 per history and physical implied to me that we should have sales, or at least advertise our prices, a market theory I didn't want to follow.

So I chose a fellowship in medical ethics. Practicing medicine was good work, but I was so busy diagnosing and treating disease that there was no time to think about either the patients whom I was seeing or the patients who couldn't afford to be seen. The University of Chicago offered me a year of fellowship support in clinical ethics. I would read and learn about how to approach moral problems in patient care, and be better equipped to help those who couldn't help themselves.

"Ethics, huh?" my friends asked. "Are you going to practice medical ethics? Are there jobs in that? You're going to teach, right?" For physicians in training, practice practicality was the bottom line. Academicians generally had little interest in patients and less clinical expertise. "Those who can't do, teach; those who can't teach, administrate" rung loudly in my ears.

Heather had said she would go to Chicago too. "Chicago's not my first choice," she said, "but you are." Heather was from Maine and had the rugged common sense and crispness of a fall Portland morning. She was terrific—jet black hair, Irish green eyes and long legs, toned by beach volleyball. We had met in my hospitals ICU where she was a visiting resident from County and fell in love immediately after the rotation was over. With every third night call, there was no other time.

That was in November. In December, we were evicted from our apartment. "It's sold," slimed the real estate man. What the hell, we said. We were going to England anyway. We saw London, Cornwall, Edinburgh and Aberdeen, staying in bed-and-breakfasts and tasting Glenmorangie aside Glen Elgin aside Macallam, making love every night to keep warm.

Then it was March. I began to feel uneasy. The University had sent me a contract to sign. Research projects, medical students and clinic patients were mine and waiting. Did I want to be in the ICU first or attend on the General Medicine wards?

Heather started to worry me, too. She was looking forward to a leisurely summer. She would not work. She would windsurf on Lake Michigan, learn the locations of all the Asian markets and grow her own lemon grass. Her Emergency Medicine friends—blond, tan and beautifully blue-eyed to a man—would come to windsurf, too. In between, she would study for her Emergency Medicine Boards.

Nevertheless, last July, Heather and I moved to Chicago. I couldn't be home for the van, so Heather helped the Mayflower men. I couldn't be home to unpack at first, so Heather did most of it. After all, I thought, it's mostly her stuff. I couldn't be home a lot; it seemed that the fellowship was more than 9-5. I struggled to become accepted by my new superiors and peers, reading and learning and teaching all in the same class, all on the same patient. "This 82-year- old's renal failure is acute-on-chronic. With a base line creatinine of 4.0 and fifteen years of diabetes, he'll need dialysis within a year. Paul, what is Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease? Should advanced age be included in the allocation of scarce resources? What is distributive justice?"

I stayed later. The University bought me a word processor. Heather came to some of my suppertime seminars, but she had to work nights in the Emergency Room. When I came home, nearly half the time it seemed, she wasn't there. Where is she, I thought? Did she work nights when we were in LA?

We slept together only occasionally from then on— whenever we were both home. We chatted some and squabbled more. I felt a tremendous sense of emptiness. I'd made a mistake, but I didn't know what it was. Medicine was good—patients thanked me, nurses liked me, I liked both of them. Clinical ethics was good too—provocative, challenging, and—surprise!— practical. Heather was the problem—increasingly brusque, never around, and always forgetting to turn on the answering machine. She was never like this before.

Finally, we had it out. "I'm not really attracted to you anymore," I said as forcefully as I could. "I love you, but... "

"I can't believe that I let myself get sucked into this," she said. "I thought you were interested in being responsible. Making space for others is something you know nothing about."

I moved out the next week. I worked harder, staying past 11 to dictate discharge summaries and plug into cheaper computer time. After several months I called Heather. She wasn't home, but her answering machine took a message. She called back and we talked, deciding again we'd done the right thing, remembering and reminding about stray shoes and lost lamps, sounding cheerful, saying lunch some time, bye!

So, I work on my career. My Curriculum Vitae grows longer by the month; my mentors encourage me; my physician colleagues call to ask about withholding feedings from a comatose patient or telling an AIDS patient's wife that he has it. I teach principles, and give answers. Medical, socioeconomic and public policy issues attract my attention. I work too hard, and I wonder if I will know, next time, not to.

John LaPuma, M.D., Senior Fellow
The Center for Clinical Medical Ethics
Pritzker School of medicine
University of Chicago


AREA 40

Jennifer Bleak
College of Medicine, '89
Honorable Mention


CADAVER LAB

Frank Papatheofanis, Ph.D
College of Medicine, '90


VITA BREVIS

Originally printed in TODAY'S POETS, Chicago Tribune

Doris Vidaver
Assistant Professor
Co-Director of Humanities
Rush University


FOOLISH HEART, HAGFISH HEARTS

He had chest pressure. Not that bad, really, he told himself; just an aching, burning feeling which went up into his throat. Something he ate. When the pain worsened, he went into the kitchen and told his wife. She could see he was very ill, but he didn't want her to call an ambulance. He will drive, he said. They drove to the hospital and she asked him to pull up by the front door. We will park in the parking lot, he said. He refused a wheelchair and walked to the emergency room, where they told him he was having a massive heart attack. When he recovered, he went home and continued working around the house as usual, fixing the steps, doing cement work, shoveling snow. He continued to smoke two packs of cigarettes a day. It took him only ten weeks to die.

An old surgeon once told me that the human heart is foolish; born upside down (it folds and partly reverses direction in fetal development) it works constantly and eats poorly (two coronary arteries are small and susceptible to the blockage which can cause heart attacks).

Since then I have met many hearts. Hearts with frozen aortic valves which blocked blood flow to the body when the left ventricle contracted; hearts with regurgitant mitral valves which let the blood back up into the left atrium with each beat. Heart muscles weakened by multiple heart attacks, by complete clogging of clumsy arteries more fit to supply rib muscle than the muscle.

Our song-poems speak of our heart's foolishness. We lose it, leave it, break it, have a total eclipse of it, etc., etc. We know we live only because of a single warm, beating heart, which reminds us of itself when we feel our pulse or put our hand on our chest.

Because of the precocity of our heart, the human egg needs little yolk; the cardiovascular system is the first organ system to function in the embryo, bringing nutrients from the mother's placenta and carrying back waste products. At 18 days a group of cells form a pair of long strands called heart cords. These become tubes and fuse to form a single tube. Then the tube dilates, bends to the right and upward, and the ventricles and atria form via delicately orchestrated partitioning of membranes and programmed cell death. Some cells become muscle, others nerve. The nervous system of the human heart is intricate. The development of the cardiovascular system is nearly complete by the end of the seventh week.

If the heart tube bends to the left instead of the right, the heart will end up on the right side of the chest instead of the left. Such a heart often functions normally, despite being both foolish and backwards.

I was angry about our foolish heart until I began studying other hearts. In all creatures, the size of the heart is proportional to body mass, and usually the smaller the heart, the faster the heartbeat: in one minute an elephant heart beats 25 times, the human heart beats 70 times, the shrew heart beats 600 times. one of the most primitive vertebrates, the hagfish, has four types of hearts.

The hagfish is a sea lamprey, an eel-shaped, funnel-mouthed creature which eats live or dead fish. It is still seeking an efficient method of reproduction: while young it is hermaphroditic; when it grows older it is male; in old age, when it grows longer than thirteen inches, it is a female. The huge- yolked eggs of the hagfish are found in lonely clusters of 10-20 on the deep ocean floor, especially around the continental shelf. Hagfish require a soft, salty mud bottom and live in volcano-like mounds.

The circulatory system of the hagfish is a combination of closed and open blood vessels. Its heart system is the most primitive of all vertebrates. It has a regular heart (the brachial heart) and 3 types of accessory hearts; the portal heart which carries blood from intestines to liver; the cardinal hearts, which transport blood from the head to the body, and the caudal hearts, which move blood from the trunk and kidneys to the body.

The caudal hearts are particularly unique; they each have two muscles attached to a stiff piece of cartilage which separates the heart into two chambers. When the muscle on one side flexes the cartilage that way, the chamber on that side fills, and the other side empties, and vice versa. By alternating contractions, the cold, salty hagfish blood is pumped from the tail and kidneys back toward the body cavity. None of the hagfish hearts have any nerve activity; they are isolated muscle.

At first thought it seems a wonderful arrangement. With all these hearts beating in concert, the hagfish needn't worry about the vulnerability of a single heart. There are four types of hearts to do the work. Little hagfish husbands can muck happily about the sea bottom, ignoring a mere single failing heart; old hag wives need never haggle them.

Perhaps our heart transplantation techniques will eventually give us efficient accessory hearts. Until then, we each have one beautiful heart. There is no need to be angry with it; if we but listen it will tell us when it is hurt. Other times, through the nerve connections which increase its rate, it tells us when we are thrilled with deep emotion, when we sense an event of great meaning, when we love. It is not foolish. We dance, it keeps the beat, we can then dance on.

The song-poets lie. The hagfish hearts are cold, primitive, nerveless, sexually ambivalent. The old surgeon speaks only in generalities. Our heart isn't perfect, but it has been singly intent on one purpose, warm and true, since we were embryos.

We apologize, our heart. Keep up the good work. Don't stop now.

David L. Schiedermayer, M.D.
Visiting Scholar and Fellow
The Center for Medical Ethics
Pritzker School of Medicine
University of Chicago
Second Place Prize winner


GRIEF

Bridget LaBanca
Occupational Therapy
College of Associated Health Professions, '88


CARRIE LYNN

Cheryll K. Owens
Office of Student Financial Aid


AN UNTIMELY DEATH

They took her to the E.R.
on a stretcher
her eyes widened with
a motionless expression
I took her vitals and recorded them on the chart
no respiration, no pulse, no blood pressure
after examining her, I found her to be not alive
her body was dead—everything except her eyes
peering from lifeless sockets
I entered on the chart D.O.A.
I told the attendant to take her to the big M
Where death had visited
all its occupants
Her eyes screamed at me "don't! it's too cold—
life had been that way"
I walked over and closed the eyes
"please those cadavers and I have
nothing in common they died naturally"
The door opened to the morgue and the body was placed and
the door closed again
It was a long, still night
only the sounds of walking humors
and the silence of frigid ex-humans
The next day the white clad men
took the body and proceeded
to routinely work on the "cases"
she was the first
I watched intently as the body parts
were disassembled and examined.
For a brief moment, I thought about
the body shop where I had taken my
car and realized the absurdity of the comparison
Finally, the task was finished
I watched as the doctor recorded on the chart
Cause of death: Unknown
Then he left to go to the Lab
Left alone, I began to recheck the parts
my whole being transfixed on the eyes.
I examined and made my conclusions
and reported on my own findings.

When the doctor returned I showed him my report:
He looked at me with an uninterpretable expression
if this is true, could we have saved her?
I looked at him very sadly
"no sir, we couldn't, but she could have, if she willed to live."

Sharon D. Brown
Office of Student Financial Aid


for John Tyler

Ann Stotts
Graduate student, English
Honorable Mention


sestina

Ann Stotts
Graduate student, English


SUICIDE

Ann Stotts
Graduate student, Engish


UNTITLED

"Hello, come and have a seat."
"Thanks."
"Let me take a minute and look over your charts...

Evanston Hospital Neurologic wing examining office door opens.

"Ah, Mark, here you are, have a seat. This is Mark Morgan, a fourth-year medical student at Northwestern University—we have a little program for the students, and Mark is interested in neurology. He'll be sitting in on our yearly visit, and watching the exam.... "

Great. I thought that the seventy-five dollar fee sort of guaranteed you a private 'limited neurologic consultation.' My doctor. My consultant.

" ... Mark, this patient has a seizure disorder, and she is controlled on 300mg Dilantin daily. I'll let you come over and take a look at the records."

"Great!"

Can you hear the paper shuffling?

"Now, you haven't had any problems in the last year—good—but your Dilantin level was low. I'm going to bump you up to another pill."

"No, I just had finals. I do this every semester—it runs low."

"Now, I don't think.... "
"Believe me—I'll get another level next week."

He looks mad, but drops the subject. Do you want to know what he looks like? Imagine people from high school who you can't remember very well because they tended to wear neutral colors, and you'll get a general idea.

"All right—I don't think we should take chances, but ... well, if it's low again, you'll go right up to 400mg/day."

HHHH—yeah.

"Now, let me look at your teeth—Mark, watch, I'm checking the gingiva for any possible abnormal growth— this patient tends not to have problems, oh! healthy gums, good, but it's always best to check. Now, please, and we'll have you walk—good—okay, start here and walk to the sink— now up on tiptoes... good, good—okay, close your eyes and walk a straight line. Nice. Now, come over to the examining table, that's right, sit up there—Mark, could you turn off the lights—okay, look straight across the room — no, no, don't follow my light, focus on the corner of the room. Good! Now, same thing, other side. Good. Looks okay. Close your eyes and touch your finger to your nose—right—keep the eyes closed, touch the other finger. Hhm. You have a slight tremor in your hands."

I know what it is, but I'm not telling.

"Have you been under stress?"
"Yeah — finals,"
"Oh, all right."

Yeah, but you don't know about all the coffee I drank — coffee that you told me not to drink, but I do, and you don't know about the beer, the Big No. I'm not telling, because you decided last year that Dilantin was going to go, because I'm such a model controlled patient. I think you'd be upset at my disobedience of the orders.

He's talking again. Let's listen.

"Fine. We'll see you in about three months, and I think that that would be a good time to see about coming off the medication. Mark, thank you for joining us. Do you have any questions?"

No, Mark? But I do. I find my nerve, and bring up a subject from two visits past.

"Um, can I go on the Pill?"

Oopsy.

Silence.

They're embarrassed, these two medical fraternity brothers. Goddamn it, it took me long enough to blurt out the initial request when I was twenty years old, to him, my straitlaced doctor. I'm furious about the med student. He is my peer, and I must ask for birth control, from my doctor, from my private physician, in his presence.

Well, while I am thinking, they have been talking, discussing relative merits and drawbacks. Mark Morgan has worked in a comment about his girlfriend'B contraception practices. I'm sorry I brought up the subject.

"I see no reason why not. Have your gynecologist give me a call, and we'll go from there. of course, if you choose to take it

watch out be careful... notify if ... plans to stop meds are off Right then, see you soon

I can't believe it. I finally can.

Epilogue: Reader, the patient, being fully ready to take the birth control pill, and being suitably enthused, got stung by a yellow-jacket. So? So, she had an allergic reaction, and went into seizures. While the patient's medical status is vastly improved, her hopes for Lo-Ovral are forever shattered.

Heloise Moran
Graduate Student, English


E.R.   4 AM

Bonnie Salomon
College of Medicine, '87


ARROGANCE

He had the kind of sick, sensitive heart prone to side effects from the medicine digoxin. He also had severe congestive heart failure which can be treated with digoxin. He was in terrible shape. He was on the respirator to help oxygenate his emphysematous, fluid- congested lungs.

I remember it clearly. I had debated for an hour about giving the drug, and called a cardiologist to consult. His answer came slowly: give the digoxin, it has risks, it has risks. But not giving the digoxin has risks too, he said.

I ordered the medication. A half-hour after it was given, the patient's heart rate slowed dangerously. I ordered other drugs, started opening the pacemaker package, and called the cardiologist. By the time he arrived we were attempting to resuscitate the patient; an emergency pacemaker didn't capture the heart, couldn't stir it back to beating again.

We looked at each other, our hands still touching his dead body, and knew we had made a mistake. The drug had killed him. The opposite of what we had intended happened: instead of prolonging his life it had shortened it.

I do not tell this story easily. I would prefer to think I never make mistakes. I would like to think my judgment is always appropriate, my memory always sharp, my information always complete. I would wish never to have harmed any patient, never to have written an order which caused a hurt. I wish he could have sat up, pulled out his respirator tube, and said, I'm okay, doc. I'm not dead. I was just testing you to see if you would use digoxin on me. You can see it would be a mistake; it works for other people, but it just doesn't work for me. Now let's try it over, but this time without digoxin.

He had no such words. They bagged him up and took him away. Now begins the struggle in the doctor's mind. Was it really a mistake? After all, such drugs always have side effects. Surely side effects are not mistakes? And what if I hadn't given digoxin? Who knows how long his failing heart would have survived? Isn't it possible that not giving the drug would have been a mistake also?

Whenever I get in this struggle I imagine I am the patient. It is a lesson I have learned from many good doctors. It cuts right through the web of rationalization. You imagine yourself dead and think: no human being has the right to do this to me. It is a mistake not forgivable, a mistake not recompensable.

I am not a car, to be repaired by a doctor- mechanic. I am not a product, to be treated as expendable depending on the effort and cost-benefit. I am a human being, a unique life, not comparable to any other. And I am now bagged and twisted because of a small syringe of medicine my doctor ordered thinking it would help.

After I finish imagining I am the patient, I am guilty and despairing beyond measure. It seems there is no forgiveness for me among men, for I have done, scientifically and using sterile technique, that which no human has a right to do to another. It is taboo and I have done it in peace and in broad daylight. My intentions are not on trial. It is the power and ability to kill and maim which is the problem.

The struggle continues in the doctor's mind. Can I not learn by mistakes like the rest of humanity? Why must my mistakes be so costly? only the arrogant think they never make mistakes, and they are mistaken. Dr. Kildare could only go three days without a gross error: how did he do in a lifetime of patients, after the rug wore out from the thousands upon thousands of feet?

I have no answer. I know no other way to look at it, besides the patient's part and the doctor's part. I am not talking here about negligence or malpractice; I am talking about mistakes. I am wondering about the arrogance which insists no mistakes are to be made, the arrogance of both patient and doctor.

I am sorry I used digoxin on him. I hope never to make a mistake again. I memorized, as did my intelligent, obsessive-compulsive peers, the human body, its anatomy, chemistry, physiology, pathology. I stayed up night after night, seeking the clinical pearls which would keep me from making mistakes, but I have worked more than my three days in the clinic.

And always, the bag, twisted tightly, burying my mistakes, keeping me poised between being the doctor and patient, helpful and guilty, alive and dead, arrogant and penitent.

David L. Schiedermayer, M.D.
Visiting Scholar and Fellow
The Center for Medical Ethics
Pritzker School of Medicine
University of Chicago


CUTTING LIFE NOT DEATH

Justine Gasior
College of Denistry, '89


A LEPER

*"When their eyes behold others in pain, they feel pain themselves, and so many ills pass from body to body."
— Ovid, De Remedio Amoris, 615.

Frank Papatheofanis, Ph.D.
College of Medicine, '90


PHYSICIAN NOVECENTO

Alfred Teoli, M.F.A.
Biocommunications Arts
College of Associated Health Professions


DEAD YET ALIVE

Howard B. Chodash
College of Medicine, '88


THE LONG, LONG ROAD

Denise Thompson
Occupational Therapy
College of Associated Health Professions, '88


DEMENTIA

Daniel J. Brauner, M.D.
Geriatrics, General Internal Medicine
College of Medicine
Third Place Prize Winner


TABULA RASA

Jon M. Flacker
Pritzker School of Medicine
University of Chicago, '90


POETRY IN MICROBIOLOGY

Shining the familiar metallic sheen Hues combining, blue blending with green Memories of urinary tract infections many hardly relish In a MacConkey's Agar plate pinkishly they flourish on an API strip the famous code numbers: 5144552 Bearing in mind citrate and malonate do not turn blue Reactions of indole and methyl red positive brightly appear Escherichiae coli, no tinge of doubt The-identification is clear.

Another charmer swarms in site The familiar odor emitted, with all might Candidly accepted as normal flora of the stool Yet in urine, they are nobody's fool Fumes of rage so difficult to hide Leading to black precipitates of hydrogen sulfide Deamination of phenylpyruvic acid is another key The swarming beauty? None other than Tribe Proteae

I could go on making poetry on my favorite subject Enterobacteriaceae Yet, poetry is not on my list Call me a desperate Medical Technologist Hoping to convince people: Microbiology is not only for the smart But for people who like poetry.... Microbiology is an art.

Teresa Tam
Medical Laboratory Sciences
College of the Associated Health Professions, '87


FAST FRIENDS

Mary Vanko
College of Medicine, '87


SIR DOCTOR

Feiruz Shehadi
Admissions and Records Officer
College of Architecture, Art and Urban Planning


REPRODUCTION

Feiruz Shehadi
Admissions and Records Officer
College of Architecture, Art and Urban Planning


ONLY THE BODY REMAINS...

              The soul of commonplace 
                    pierces the air of hopes of yesterday 
             it weaves in my heart 
                    daring me to bring back a little sanity 
             to the world of darkness 
                    Fear has no name here for I am the 
             master of a Knowledge that only I can earn 
                    I will submit 
               and expertly analyze the situation 
             Stand tall, the footmen are waiting for the news 
                    Death has gone 
                        The master of darkness is I 
             The secrets of Life are here in my possession 
                    I will learn as others have 
               but inside I shake 
             as you in your eternal peace lie there 
                    holding the key of life 
             and I struggle to understand what your Life 
               must have been 
             The world must have been so Grand 
             life so precious, and I am but One 
                    to awe in the mystery of Life and Death 
                    at my fingertips 
             I wish I could have known you 
               for the curiosity of Wisdom is a facet of 
                 my education that you have indulged 
             Teachers of Life, 
                 Hold precious your gift 
             for the Children of Tomorrow 

Mildred Pazmino
College of Medicine, '90


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This third edition of Body Electric continues the magazine's presence at the University of Illinois at Chicago. The first edition, published in 1985, was an attempt to bring a creative-yet nonscientific-voice to the health professions. Contributions to Body Electric deal with the general theme of medicine and education in the health professions. The top three entries are awarded prize money. Contributors now include not only students from the schools and colleges of the University of Illinois at Chicago but also faculty and staff, as well as students and faculty from neighboring medical schools.

Body Electric is a truly collaborative work, but certain individuals deserve special mention. First and foremost, Suzanne Poirier, PhD, is to be thanked for her invaluable support and guidance. Thanks also to Hyman Muslin, MD, of the Department of Psychiatry, for final judging of entries, and Avalon Collier for her clerical work. Finally, the Humanistic Studies Program and lnterprofessional Education Committee have provided the financial support necessary to continue our publication.

Bonnie Salomon
Editor: BONNIE SALOMON
College of Medicine '87
Advisor: SUZANNE POIRIER, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor of
Literature and Health Care
Design: BILL MAYER
Office of Publications Services