Example OF COURSE SYLLABUS – ACTUAL COURSE OFFERED MAY CHANGE FROM WHAT IS HERE

 

 

To:                 1st Year Endo Postgrads & Course Participants

 

From:            Dr. Michael Barrows  

 

Re:                Advanced Endodontic Technique
                     

This course is offered as a non-credit course to a limited number of licensed dentists.  It is also offered for credit as ENDO 600.  It is the first course in the 2 year Endodontics Certificate Program

 

All teeth to have preoperative radiographs from two different angles before starting

 

Project I:   Access cavities made in extracted teeth in hand:

1 ‑ max. Incisor, 1 ‑ max. Canine, 1 ‑ max. Premolar; 2 ‑ max. molars                           

1 ‑ mand. Anterior; 1 ‑ mand. Premolar; 2 ‑ mand. molars

 

Project II:  Complete instrumentation of extracted teeth in hand using teeth from Project l:

1 ‑ max. Canine; 1 ‑ mand. Anterior; 1 ‑ max. Molar; 1 ‑ mand. Molar; 2 ‑ acrylic blocks; one instrumented with your own technique, one with flare technique

 

Project III:  Complete instrumentation and obturation of extracted teeth, in hand:  1 max. Molar and

             1 mand. molar

 

Proiect IV:   Using the two teeth from Project III, a clearing technique (Robertson, et. al.) will be performed. Clear two unfilled teeth also (1 incisor, 1 bicuspid).

 

Project V:   Using a molar and an acrylic block in your hand, a hand Ni‑Ti technique of cleansing and shaping will be done

 

Project Vl: Using two molars (one mand./one max.) and an max. anterior tooth, all mounted in plaster blocks, an automated technique of cleansing and shaping will be done with NiTi files (Dr. Rogers sessions)

 

 

USE EYE PROTECTION, GLOVES AND MASKS WHEN CUTTING OR PREPARING TEETH !!!

 

SPECIAL PROJECTS (Examples selected from prior years)

 

 

1.      Introduction to Non‑Surgical Uses of the Operating Microscope

Have ready before class: 1 maxillary anterior and 1 maxillary molar, not mounted

 

2.      CaOH fill of an open apex

Have ready before class: 1 open apex tooth mounted in plaster with a cotton pellet at the apex (use paper cup as mold).

 

3.      Perforation repair

Have ready before class:  2 accessed molars with perforations in the furcas (bur perforations); place utility wax

over perforations in furca area to simulate furcal bone loss; mount in acrylic (use rectangular wax mold)

cup for mold).

 

4.      Removal of metallic objects from canals

Have ready before class:  2 molars, minimally instrumented and filled with silver points, broken instruments, and broken posts (try to break instruments, posts so the fragment extends into the coronal 1/3 of canal. You can cement (C&B cement) a paper clip into canal(s) to simulate a broken post), and 2 plastic canal blocks, instrumented and filled with a silver point and a broken instrument

 

Lectures will take place at either 9:00 or 9:30 a.m. or 1:30 p.m. in the Group Clinic Seminar Rooms (222 or 322). Reading assignments must be completed prior to each session.

 

Access Cavity Preparation

1.   Cohen & Burns, Pathways of the Pulp 6th ea., Chap. 7

2.   Ingle & Taintor, Endodontics, 4th ea., Chap. 3

3.   Morensis, A.: "Avoiding perforation during endodontic access", JADA 98: 707, May 1979

 

Additional Filing Techniques

1.      Abou‑Rass, M., Frank, A.F. and Glick, D.H.: The anticurvature filing method to prepare thecurved root canal. JADA 101: 792‑794,1980

2.      Goerig, A.C., Mechelich, R.J. and Schultz, H.H.: Instrumentation of root canals in molar teeth using the stepdown technique. JOE 8: 550‑554, 1982

3.      Korzen, B.H. and McSpadden, J.T.: The NITI System for endodontic instrumentation. Oral Health 6: 7‑10, 1992 (Canadian Journal)

4.      Roane, J.B. and Sabala, Clockwise or counter clockwise. JOE 10: 349‑353, 1984

5.      Roane, J.B., Sabala, C.L. and Duncanson, M.G.: The "balanced force" concept for instrumentation of curved canals. JOE 5: 203‑211, 1985

6.      Schilder, H.: Cleaning and shaping the root canal. Dent. Clin. N. Amer.18: 269‑296, 1974

7.      Weine, F.S.: Pre‑curved files and incremental instrumentation for root canal enlargement. J. Canad. DA 36: 155, 1970

8.      Zakariason, K.: Sonics in Endodontics, 3rd ea., 1991

 

Clinical Orientation and Perforation Research

1.   Manual for Treatment In the Endodontic Clinic, Spring 2000 revision

2.   Walton & Torabinejad: Principles & Practice of Endodontics, 2nd. Edition, chapter 18 pp. 307-312, pp. 316-317

3.   Cohen & Burns: Pathways of the Pulp, 7th edition, p. 70, p. 199, pp. 827-829, pp. 636-641

 

Calcium Hydroxide

1.     Webber, R., Schwiebert, K. and Cathey, G.: "A technique for placement of calcium hydroxide in the root canal system", JADA 103: 417, 1981

2.     Cvek, M.: "Prognosis of luxated non‑vital maxillary incisors treated with calcium hydroxide and filled with gutta‑percha. A retrospective clinical study", Endod. Dent. Traumatol. 8: 45, 1992

3.     Sigurdsson, A., Stancill, R. and Madison, S.: "Intracanal placement of Ca(OH)2: A comparison of techniques", J. Endo 18: 367, 1992

4.     Schumacher, J. and Rutledge, R.: "An alternative to apexification. J. Endo 19: 529,1993

5.     Oguntebi, B., "Dentine Tubule Infection and Endodontic Therapy Implications," Int. Endo. J. 27: 218, 1994

 

Instrumentation/Canal Preparation

Reading list is articles from Topic 1 - Endodontic Techniques - Canal Instrumentation

from reading list in Endo 610.

 

Automated NiTi Instrumentation

1.     Weine, F.: "The Use of Non‑lSO‑Tapered Instruments for Canal Flaring," Compendium 17 (7): 651‑663, July 1996

2.     Rowan, M.B., Nicholls, J.l., Steiner, J., "Torsional Properties of Stainless Steel and Nickel‑Titanium Endodontic Files," JOE 22(7): 341, July 1996

3.     Poulsen, W.B., Dove, S.B., delRio, C. E., "Effect of Nickel‑Titanium Engine Driven Instrument Rotational Speed on Root Morphology," JOE 21(12): 609, December 1995

4.     Esposito, P.T., Cunningham, C.J., "A Comparison of Canal Preparation with Nickel‑Titanium and Stainless Steel Instruments," JOE 21(4): 173, April 1995

5.     Zmener, O., Balbachan, L., "Effectiveness of Nickel‑Titanium Files for Preparing Curved Canals," Endod. Dent. Traumatol 11(5): 220, June 1995

6.      Tucker, D., Wenckus, C., and Bentkover, S., “Canal Wall Planing by Engine-Driven        Nickel-Titanium Instruments, Compared with Stainless-Steel Hand Instrumentation,” JOE      23(3); 170-173, March 1997

7.      Luiten, D., Morgan, L., and Baumgartner, C., “A Comparison of Four Instrumentation Techniques on Apical Canal Transportation,” JOE 21(1): 26-32, January 1995

8.      Bryant, S., Dummer, P., Pitoni, C., Bourba, M., and Moghal, S., “Shaping Ability of .04 and .06 Taper Profile Rotary Nickel-Titanium Instruments in Simulated Root Canals,” Int. Endo. Journ. 32: 155-164, 1999

9.      Reddy, S., and Hicks, L., “Apical Extrusion of Debris Using Two Hand and Two Rotary Instrumentation Techniques,” JOE 24(3): 180-183, March 1998

10. Wolcott, J., and Himel, V.T., “Torsional Properties of Nickel- Titanium versus Stainless Steel Endodontic Files,” JOE 23(4): 217-220, April 1997

11. Thompson, S., and Dummer, P., “Shaping Ability of ProFile .04 Taper Series 29 Rotary Nickel-Titanium Instruments in Simulated Root Canals. Part I,” Int. Endo. Journ. 30: 1-7, 1997

12. Thompson, S., and Dummer, P., “Shaping Ability of ProFile .04 Taper Series 29 Rotary Nickel-Titanium Instruments in Simulated Root Canals. Part II,” Int. Endo. Journ. 30: 8-15, 1997

13. Glosson, C., Haller, R., Dove, B., and del Rio, C., “A Comparison of Root Canal Preparations Using Ni-Ti Hand, Ni-Ti Engine-Driven, and K-Flex Endodontic Instruments,” JOE 21(3): 146-151, March 1995

14. Camp, J., and Pertot, W., “Torsional and Stiffness Properties of Canal Master U Stainless Steel and Nitinol Instruments,” JOE 20(8): 395-398, August 1994

15. Walia, H., Brantley, W., and Gerstein, H., “An Initial Investigation of the Bending and Torsional Properties of Nitinol Root Canal Files,” JOE 14(7): 346-351, July 1988

 

 

 

Hand NiTi Instrumentation

1.     Morgan, L., Montgomery, S., "An Evaluation of the Crown‑Down Pressureless Technique," JOE 10: 491 ‑98, 1984

2.     Wildey, W., Senia, S., Montgomery, S., "Another Look at Root Canal Instrumentation," OOO 74: 499‑507,1992

3.     Himel, V., "The University of Tennessee, College of Dentistry: Philosophy and Technique of Cleaning and Shaping Root Canal Systems," personal communication, 1996

4.      Weeks, S., "Crown‑Down/Step‑Back Technique," Woodlawn Press, 1996

 

Obturation

1.     Schilder, H.: Filling root canals in three dimensions. Dent. Clin. N. Amer.: 723‑744, Nov. 1967.

2.     Cohen, S. and Burns, R.C. Pathways of the Pulp, 6th ed.,1994, chapter 9 (219271), chapter 14 (391‑396)

 

Obturation Techniques

1.       Schilder, H., “Filling root canals in three dimensions”, Dent. Clin. N. America: 723, Nov. 1967

2.      Schilder, H., “Physical properties of gutta-percha when subjected to heat and vertical condensation,” Oral Surg. 35: 872, Dec. 1973

3.      Schilder, H., “The Thermomechanical properties of gutta-percha,” Oral Surg. 37: 946, June 1974

4.      Schilder, H., Goodman, A., & Aldrich, W., “The thermomechanical properties of gutta-percha: III. Determination of phase transition temperatures for gutta-percha,” Oral Surg. 38(1): 109, July 1974

5.      Yee, F.S., et al., “Three dimensional obturation of the root canal canal using injection - molded thermoplasticized dental gutta-percha,” J. Endodod. 3(5): 168, May 1977

6.      Johnson, W.B., “A New gutta-percha technique,” J. Endod. 4(6): 184, June 1978

7.      Goodman, A., Schilder, H., & Aldrich, W., “The thermomechanical properties of gutta-percha, Part IV. A thermal profile of the warm gutta-percha packing procedure,” Oral Surg. 51(5): 544, May 1981

8.      Schilder,H., Goodman, A.G., & Aldrich, W., “The thermomechanical properties of gutta-percha. Part V. Volume changes in bulk gutta-percha as a function of temperature and its relationship to molecular phase transformation,” Oral Surg. 59(3): 285, Mar. 1985

9.      Marciano, J., & Michailesco, P. M., “Dental gutta-percha: Chemical composition, x-ray identification, enthalpic studies, and clinical applications,” J. Endod. 15(4): 149, Apr. 1989

10. Lares, C.,  & El Deeb, M.E., “The sealing ability of the Thermafil Obturation Technique,” J. Endod. 16(10): 475, Oct. 1990

11. Kouvas, V. et al., “Influence of smear layer on depth of penetration of three endodontic sealers: an SEM study,” Endod. Dent. Traumatol. 14(4): 191, Aug. 1998

12. Lee, F.S., Van Cura, J.E. & BeGole, E., “A comparison of root surface temperatures using different obturation heat sources,” J. Endod. 24(9); 617, Sept. 1998

13. Lertchiraken, V. et al., “Load and strain during lateral condensation and vertical root fracture,” J. Endod. 25(2): 99, Feb. 1999

14. DuLac, K.A., et al., “Comparison of the obturation of lateral canals by six techniques,” J. Endod. 25(5): 376, May 1999

15. Floren, J.W., et al., “Changes in root surface temperatures with in vitro use of the System B HeatSource,” J. Endod. 25(9): 593, Sept. 1999

16. Johnson, B.T., & Bond, M.S., “Leakage associated with single or multiple increment backfill with Obtura II gutta-percha system,” J. Endod. 25(9): 613, Sept. 1999

17. Goldberg, F., Artaza, L., & De Silvio,A., “Effectiveness of Different Obturation Techniques in the Filling of Simulated Lateral Canals,” J. Endod. 27(5): 362-67 May 2001

 

 

Non‑Surgical Uses of the Operating Microscope

1.     Carr, G.: "Advanced Techniques and Visual Enhancement for Endodontic Surgery"

2.     Carr, G.: "Microscopes in Endodontics", CDA Journal, 55‑61 November 1992,

3.      Mounce, R., "Surgical Operating Microscopes in Endodontics: The Quantum Leap," Dentistry Today 12(8): October 1993

4.      Cambruzzi, J., Marshall, J., Pappin, J., "Methylene Blue Dye: An Aid to Endodontic Surgery," JOE 11 (7): 311‑314, July 1985

5.      Carr, G., "Common Errors in Periradicular Surgery," The Endodontic Report 8 (1),12‑18

6.      Ruddle, C., "Endodontic Perforation Repair: Using the Surgical

7.      Operating Microscope," Dentistry Today 13(5): May 1994

8.      Weller, N., Niemczyk, S., and Kim, S., “Incidence and Position of the Canal Isthmus. Part 1. Mesiobuccal Root of the Maxillary First Molar,” JOE 21 (7): 380-383, July 1995

9.      Layton, C., et. al., “Evaluation of Cracks Associated with Ultrasonic Root-End  Preparation,” JOE 22 (4) 157-160: April 1996

10. Pecora, G., and Andreana, S., OOO 75 (6) 751-758: June 1993

11. Gilheany, P., et. al., “Apical Dentin Permeability and Microleakage Associated with Root End Resection and Retrograde Filling,” JOE 20 (1) 22-26: January 1994

12. Wuchenich, G., et. al., “A Comparison between Two Root End Preparation Techniques in Human Cadavers,” JOE 20 (6) 279-282: June 1994

13. Antrim, F., and Bakland, L., “Effect of Retrograde Cavity Preparations on Root Apexes,” Endod Dent Traumatol 12 100-103

14. Gorman, M., Steiman, H.R., and Gartner, A., “Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Root End Preparations,” JOE 21 (3) 113-117: March 1995

15.   Seldon, H., “The Role of a Dental Operating Microscope in Improved Nonsurgical Treatment of “Calcified” Canals,” 

 

 

Perforations

1.  El Deeb, M.E. et al.: "An evaluation of the use of amalgam, Cavit, and calcium hydroxide in the repair of furcation perforations", J. Endo 8(10): 459‑466, Oct. 1982

2.      Frank, A. & Weine, F.: "Non‑surgical therapy for the perforative defect of internal resorption", JADA 87: 863, Oct. 1973

3.     Kenney, E.B. et al.: "Bone formation within porous hydroxylapatite implants in human periodontal defects", J. Periodontal. 57(2): 76‑83, Feb. 1986

4.      Lemon, R.R.: "Non‑surgical repair of perforation defects", DCNA 36(2): 439‑457, April        1992

5.      Roane, J.B. & Benenati, F.W.: "Successful management of a perforated mandibular molar using amalgam and hydroxylapatite", J. Endo 13(8): 400‑404, Aug. 1987

6.       Seltzer, S., Sinai, l. and August, D.: "Periodontal effects of root perforations before and during endodontic procedures", J. Dent. Res. 49(2):332‑339, April 1970

7.      Harris, W.: “A Simplified Method of Treatment for Endodontic Perforations,” J.Endo 2 (5): 126-134, May 1976

 

Removal of Metal Fragments from Root Canal Spaces

1. Glick, D. and Frank, A.: Removal of silver points and fractured posts by ultrasonics, J.    Pros. Dent. 55: 212215, 1986

2. Machtou, P., Sarfati, P. and Cohen, A.: Post removal prior to retreatment. JOE 15: 552‑554, 1989

3. Ruddle, Clifford J: Nonsurgical Endodontic Pretreatment: Post Removal Simplified.     Dentistry Today 17:48-53, 1998

4. Crane, D.: Posts, points, and instruments: How to retrieve them, Part I. Compend. Contin. Educ. Dent. 11: 563‑565, 1990

5. Buoncristiani, John, Seto, Bradley G. and Caputo, Angelo A.: Evaluation of      Ultrasonic and Sonic Instruments for Intraradicular Post Removal. JOE 20: 486-489, 1994

6. Hulsman, M. and Schinkel, I.: Influence of Several Factors on the Success or Failure    of Removal of Fractured Instruments from the Root Canal. Endod Dent Tramatol 15: 252-258, 1999

7. Feldman, G. et al.: Retrieving broken endodontic instruments. JADA 88: 588‑591, 1974

8. Suter, Beat: A New Method for Retrieving Silver Points and Separated Instruments from Root Canals. JOE 24: 446-448, 1998

9. Gerstein, H. and Weine, F.: Specially prepared burs to remove silver cones and fractured dowels. JOE 3: 408410, 1977

10. Krell, K., Fuller, M. and Scott, G.: The conservative retrieval of silver cones in difficult cases. JOE 10: 269‑273, 1984

 

 

Removal of Metal Fragments from Root Canal Spaces

Bring at least two extracted teeth and two acrylic blocks, instrumented and filled with cemented silver points present (cement a paper clip into a canal to simulate a post if you cannot find teeth with posts and if you have no posts to cement for this exercise).