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Questions and Answers: Menstrual Cycle

My periods are very irregular. Will the pill help them?
Is having a 21 day cycle normal?
I recently changed my workout frequency and my period is late. Why?
How does exercise cause amenorrhea?
My cramps have gotten worse, but my periods shorter. Is this normal?
My endometrial cavity is 1 CM thick, do I need to do a D&C?
My periods stopped a year ago; now they're back and I have strange symptoms.
Could my yeast infections be the cause of my irregular periods?
Why do I crave certain foods before my period?
I have ovarian cysts, on the pill, but I haven't gotten my period in 4 months.
Mom has the symptoms of menopause; her periods are irregular. Is this normal?
My period is dry, thick, and dark brown. Should I go to the doctor?
My daughter is 10 and she has her period. Is this normal?
I have thyroid disease and I'm trying to have a baby. What can I do?
How do I shorten my period naturally?
I have great pain with my period, and I am emitting an odor. What's wrong?
My period gets later with every cycle. Is skipping my period bad?
My period has lasted two weeks. What's wrong?
Would a recent surgery make my period late?
Why does my period stop when I'm swimming?
I had a fallopian tube removed. I'm spotting. Could I be ovulating?
My periods have been getting shorter. Could I be having menopause early?
What kind of infections can change the menstrual cycle?
I have POS and am on birth control. Do antibiotics alter my period?
I lost weight and haven't gotten my period in 4 months. When will it come back?
Swimming makes my period irregular. Why?
Is it normal to expel clots during my period?
Can you tell me the correct way to calculate ovulation?
I've always had irregular periods. Should I go to the doctor?
Why did my girlfriend's period only last one day?
I went off the pill and haven't gotten a period. What can I do?
We had sex while she was menstruating, and now it's heavy. Why?
I stopped drinking soda 6 weeks ago. Is that why I haven't gotten a period?
Are irregular periods and hair loss related?
Is it normal to have a period every 4 months?
Can stress cause you to miss a period?
Can I make my period shorter with a change in diet?
How do I figure out when I ovulate on a 25 day cycle?
Where can I find more info about menstrual cycles?
Can drugs affect your period?
Do I need birth control after menopause?
What options do I have with menopause with a history of stroke?




QUESTION: I have hudge gaps inbertween my periods. It can range between about 30-50 days. the amount of time I have my period can range between 3-7 days. I also get really bad abdominal cramps a day before and during my period. followed by cramps in my limbs (arms and legs) for about a week after. normal pain releif doesn't seem to help the cramps, but I find when I take Mg pills my friend gave me it does. I want to be able to have children when I'm older, so don't wont to go on the pill to regulate it (as I have heard sometimes it can decrease you chances) but should I? (April 18, 2005)

ANSWER:
Oral contraceptives prevent pregnancy while the user is taking them, but once the user stops taking them, she can become pregnant if she is sexually active. If you are interested in taking oral contraceptives or if you are concerned about having irregular periods, it is recommended you speak with your clinician.


QUESTION: My 13 year old daughter has had a 21 day cycle the last 4 months. Is it normal to have such a short cyle. (April 18, 2005)

ANSWER:
Women's menstrual cycles are as unique as women are. "Normal" menstrual cycles range from 21-36 days, but what is normal for one woman might be different than what is normal for another woman. If you are concerned about your daughter's menstrual cycle is it recommended you talk to a clinician.



QUESTION: My menstrual cycle has been pretty much normal except for change by 1 or 2 days here and there. I was working out at least 4 days a week from Jan-mid March and have recently dropped down to 1-2 days a week. I did not get my period this month or even felt like it was coming. I'm now more than 1 wk late. I've taken 5 pregnancy test which were all negative. I'm not on birth control, Is this normal to skip? (April 18, 2005)

ANSWER:
Exercise can affect a woman's menstrual cycle, although usually it is an increase in frequency, intensity or duration that causes the change. There are many other reasons a woman's period can be late or missed including: changes in nutrition, increased stress levels, illness or pregnancy, among other things. If you think you might be pregnant, it is recommended that you take a pregnancy test. Home pregnancy tests can be used as early as the first day of your missed period. If you took a pregnancy test before you were scheduled to have your period, the results may be inaccurate. If you are concerned about the absence of your period, it is recommended that you see your clinician to discuss your concerns with him or her.



QUESTION: I have recently increased the length and intensity of my exercise routine. I now exercise nearly every day at the upper boundary of my aerobic threshold for thirty minutes. How much exercise will cause amenorrhea? Can I prevent it from occurring by maintaining a healthy weight or does it have something to do with the intensity of the exercise itself? Also, will this amount of exercise significantly affect the length of my period? (March 29, 2005)

ANSWER:
Amenorrhea is a condition that occurs in women of childbearing age, in which the menstrual cycle stops. Primary amenorrhea occurs when a woman has not had her first period by the age of sixteen. Secondary amenorrhea is a condition in which a woman who has previously had her period fails to menstruate for three consecutive months.

Amenorrhea affects 2% to 5% of all women of childbearing age in the United States. Female athletes, especially young women, may be more likely to have amenorrhea. While exercise or physical activity itself does not cause amenorrhea, it is more likely to occur in women who exercise very intensely or who increase the intensity of exercise rapidly.

Secondary amenorrhea can be caused by a number of things, including (but not limited to):

• Pregnancy (the most common cause)
• Breastfeeding (lactation)
• Menopause, the normal age-related end of menstruation
• Premature ovarian failure (menopause before age 40)
• Hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus)
• Stopping birth control pills
• Emotional or physical stress
• Rapid weight loss
• Obesity
• Frequent strenuous exercise
• Cysts or tumors in the ovaries

Because secondary amenorrhea can be caused by a variety of conditions, it is recommended that a woman experiencing amenorrhea speak with her clinician.

To prevent secondary amenorrhea that is related to diet, over-exercise or stress, you can take the following steps:
• Eat a low-fat diet that meets your recommended daily nutritional needs.
• Exercise moderately, but not excessively, to maintain an ideal body weight and muscle tone.
• Find healthy outlets for emotional stress and daily conflicts.
• Balance work, recreation and rest.
• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking.

Information taken from Aetna Health



QUESTION: I am 27 years old. Since last 2 years I get severe menstrual pains as compared to negligible pains before and my period days have reduced from 4 to 2 over last two years. I have never been pregnant and have never taken birth control pills. Is this common when one steps into late twenties or do I need to see a doctor? (March 24, 2005)

ANSWER:
Every woman's menstrual cycle is different; what is normal for one woman may not be normal for another woman. Therefore, it is difficult to determine what is 'normal' for any given woman. If you are concerned about the changes in your menstrual cycle, it is recommened that you speak with your clinician.



QUESTION: I had a ultrasound and blood tests to check hormone levels. According to the ultrasound endometrial cavity thickness is 1cm. Is this abnormal as my menstrual cycle stopped long time ago? My bleeding stopped after 5 days but still I have lower back pain and pain on the pelvis area. Do I need to do a D&C? (March 18, 2005)

ANSWER:
A D&C stands for dilation and curettage procedure. The D stands for dilation, which means enlarging. Curettage (the C) means scraping. Together, this procedure involves expanding or enlarging the entrance of a woman’s uterus so that an instrument can scrape or suction away the lining of the uterus and take tissue samples. It is minor surgery and is usually a diagnostic procedure.

A D&C is often used for the following conditions:

* Irregular bleeding: Irregular bleeding for an extended period of time, including spotting between periods, may prompt a clinician to perform a D&C to investigate the cause of bleeding.

* Too much bleeding: Bleeding with long, heavy periods, or bleeding after menopause, can signal a number of problems. A clinician may use a D&C to determine the cause of abnormal bleeding.

* To rule out certain medical conditions: Fibroids, polyps and endometrial cancer can be detected during a D&C procedure

* Therapeutic D&C: A D&C is often planned as treatment when the source of the problem is already known, such as an incomplete miscarriage when the uterus has not pushed out all the fetal or placental tissue inside of it. If tissue is left behind, excess bleeding can result.

Only your clinician can decide whether a D&C is right for you. If you are concerned about the pain in your pelvic region, or the thickness of your endometrial cavity, it is recommended you visit your clinicians and discuss your concerns with him or her.
www.emedicinehealth.com



QUESTION: I am a 55 year old single woman. I stopped my periods about 16 months ago. All of a sudden I got my periods again. Few days before I had tender breasts and the day I started bleeding I had a severe headache. Now the breast tenderness and the headache is gone. Is this a normal condition or is anything wrong with me? I have never had sex in my life and never had a papsmear test done. Please reply as I am very worried (March 10, 2005)

ANSWER:
Menopause marks the end of a woman's reproductive years. It is the point in time when a woman has had no menstrual periods for 1 year; this happens when the ovaries have stopped producing enough estrogen and progesterone to sustain the menstrual cycle. It is possible that missing periods for 16 months is an indication of menopause.

Perimenopause is the several years of fluctuating hormones before a woman's menstrual periods have stopped. During this time, irregular periods are common. Although irregular periods are often a normal part of the years leading up to menopause, they also can be a sign of other problems. It is recommended you speaks with a clinician if any of the following occur:

*very heavy bleeding (enough to soak a pad or tampon each hour for two to
three hours in a row)
*period less than 20 days from the start of one cycle to the start of the next
*cycles longer than 90 days apart
*bleeding more than eight days

It is recommended that sexually active women and all women over the age of 18 get a Pap smear once each year. The Pap smear checks for changes in the cells of your cervix (the cervix is inside of a woman's body and it connects the uterus to the vagina).

Most often, a pelvic examination is done in conjunction with a Pap smear. During a pelvic examination, the woman takes off her clothes, puts on a short paper or cotton gown that opens in the front, and lies on her back on an examining table. She positions herself for the Pap smear by bending her knees, aligning the tops of her thighs with the edge of the table, and placing her feet in stirrups or supports.

The clinician performing the examination does a number of things. S/he:

*looks for lumps, sores, inflammation, or other abnormalities of her external genitals
*inserts a metal or plastic instrument called a speculum into the vagina. The speculum opens the walls of the vagina so the clinician can view the cervix
*uses a small disposable swab to remove cells from the entrance cervix
*places the cell sample on a glass slide, which is sent to a laboratory for examination under a microscope.

After removing the speculum, the healthcare provider gently inserts one or two gloved fingers into the woman's vagina and places his or her other hand on her abdomen. This enables the examiner to determine the size, shape, and consistency of the woman's uterus, ovaries, vagina, and fallopian tubes.

A woman may feel some mild discomfort, cramping, or pressure during a Pap smear or pelvic exam, however, these procedures should not be painful.

A pelvic examination is necessary to determine if the reproductive organs are healthy and free of infection or disease. A Pap smear can tell if you have an infection, abnormal (unhealthy) cells, or cancer. Since you have never had a Pap smear, it is recommended that you speak with a clinician to schedule an appointment to have one done.



QUESTION: i've had several yeast infections back to back, my period usually comes on the same day every month,the past couple months were heaver then normal, last month it was 2 days late and light, this month i totally missed. what could be up? (March 10, 2005)

ANSWER:
Missing a period could be related to stress, hormonal imbalances, excessive exercise, severe nutrition deficiencies, infection (including yeast infections), and pregnancy, among other potential factors. If you feel you could potentially be pregnant (i.e. didn't use a birth control method, your usual method failed, etc.) then is it recommended you contact a clinician for a pregnancy test to prove/disprove a pregnancy.

Vaginal yeast infections are a common occurrence among women; during a lifetime, 75 percent of all women are likely to have at least one vaginal yeast infection, and up to 45 percent have two or more. Women tend to be more susceptible to vaginal yeast infections if their bodies are under stress from poor diet, lack of sleep, illness, or when they are pregnant or taking antibiotics. Women with immune-suppressing diseases such as diabetes and HIV infection also are at increased risk.

The symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection include:
*Vaginal itch and/or soreness
*Thick, white, cottage cheeselike discharge
*Burning discomfort around the vaginal opening
*Pain or discomfort during sexual intercourse.

Any woman who experiences symptoms of a vaginal infection for the first time should visit a doctor. This is important to be sure that the vaginal discharge and discomfort is caused by yeast and not bacterial vaginosis or sexually transmitted infections such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, or trichomoniasis.

To help prevent vaginal yeast infections, you can try the following suggestions:
*Keep the external genital area clean and dry.
*Avoid irritating soaps (including bubble bath), vaginal sprays and douches.
*Change tampons and sanitary napkins frequently.
*Wear loose cotton (rather than nylon) underwear that doesn't trap moisture.
*Always wipe from front to back.
*After swimming, change quickly into your dry clothing instead of sitting in your wet bathing suit for prolonged periods.
*Take antibiotics only when prescribed by your doctor, and never take them for longer than your doctor directs.
*If you are diabetic, try to keep tight control over your blood sugar levels.

If you are concerned about your yeast infections or if you are concerned that you have missed your period, it is important to talk to your clinician.



QUESTION: Why do i crave salty and sugary food just before my period? (February 28, 2005)

ANSWER:
People crave foods for many different reasons. Food cravings that occur before or during a woman's period are thought to be due to hormone fluctuations.

There are some nutrition guidelines that you can follow during your period to help with cravings and other discomforts associated with the menstrual cycle:

*Eat six small meals a day--3 meals plus 3 small snacks. Eat the normal amount of food you usually eat but spread it out over the day and do not go for long periods of time without eating.

*Eliminate or reduce caffeine including coffee, tea, colas, and chocolate. If you are a heavy consumer of caffeine, it is best to wean yourself gradually. Many women find that irritability, headaches and swelling and tenderness of breasts decrease when caffeine intake is decreased.

*Reduce salt. Try not to add salt to foods and limit the intake of the following foods: processed foods, fast foods, potato chips and other salty snacks, lunch meat, bacon, ham, sausage, canned ham, canned soup, instant hot cereals, and condiments (catsup, mustard, etc.). Excess salt intake may worsen water retention symptoms including bloating, and swelling of the hands and feet.

*Reduce alcohol. Many women find that alcohol affects them more and in more negative ways during the premenstrual period.

*Exercise: If you have not been exercising, be sure to start slowly, if you already are exercising keep it up. Try to find an activity that you enjoy so you will be more likely to keep it up. The overall recommendation is 3 - 5 days a week of aerobic activity (running, walking, biking, swimming, etc.) for 20 to 60 minutes.



QUESTION: the doctor perscribed me birth bontrol so i can get my period because cyst are in my ovaries and havent gotten my period in four months, how long does it take the birth control to work? (February 18, 2005)

ANSWER:
An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac located on the ovary. If you develop cysts frequently, your clinician may prescribe birth control pills to prevent you from ovulating, which lowers the chances of forming new cysts. If you are new to taking birth control pills, it may take some time before your body adjusts. If you are concerned about your missed periods or are experiencing pain from your cysts, it is recommended you speak with your clinician.



QUESTION: My mom is 47 years old and She has most of the symptoms of menopause. She gets worried, because sometimes her periods are 3weeks long. Is that normal? (February 7, 2005)

ANSWER:
Menopause marks the end of a woman's reproductive years. It is the point in time when a woman has had no menstrual periods for 1 year; this happens when the ovaries have stopped producing enough estrogen and progesterone to sustain the menstrual cycle.

Perimenopause is the several years of fluctuating hormones before a woman's menstrual periods have stopped. During this time, irregular periods are common. The time between periods may become shorter or longer, and the flow may become lighter or heavier. Bleeding between periods or missed periods also may occur. Although irregular periods are often a normal part of the years leading up to menopause, they also can be a sign of other problems. It is recommended your mother speaks with a clinician if any of the following occur:

  • Very heavy bleeding (enough to soak a pad or tampon each hour for two to three hours in a row)
  • Period less than 20 days from the start of one cycle to the start of the next
  • Cycles longer than 90 days apart
  • Bleeding more than eight days




  • QUESTION:
    I am at the beginning of my period, and the blood coming out is very dry, thick, and dark brown. I am not on birth control. Should I see a doctor about this? (December 14, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    Seeing a doctor would depend on if this was considered normal for you. Some women have brownish discharge around the time of their period. If this is not normal for you and continues, it would be recommended you talk with a nurse or your clinician.



    QUESTION:
    my daughter is ten years old. she has started her period. she spots a little is this normal for the first time or is there something wrong? (November 30, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    The menstrual flow varies widely from person to person. Some girls have such light blood flow that they wonder if they even have their period at all; others have a much heavier flow. The amount of time that a girl has her period can also vary. Some girls have periods that last just a couple of days; other girls may have periods that last much longer.

    The first several menstrual periods are often light and irregular. Your daughter may menstruate once, then not again for several months; this is normal, as her body is still developing.

    If you're worried about your daughter's blood flow or whether her period is normal in other ways, it is recommended you speak with a clinician.



    QUESTION: HELLO... I MA 32 TWO YEAR OLD,,, I AM TRYING TO HAVE A BABY... I HAVE THYROID DESEASE, AND I ALSO HAVE AN UNTERINE FIBROID... ABOUT 5 MONTHS I AM HAVING ABNORMAL BLEEDING DURING MY PERIOD, I ONLY BLEED WHEN I GO TO PEE.. MY PAD IS ALWAYS CLEAN DURING MY PERIOD CAUSE I ONLY BLEED IF I GO TO PEE, FOR ME THIS IS WIRD BUT MY DOCTOR SAID IS NORMAL... WHAT CAN I DO? (October 11, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    If you are uncertain about your clinician's diagnosis, it is recommended that you seek a second opinion from a different health care provider. It is possible that the bleeding you see during urination is the result of an infection. If you are concerned about bleeding during urination, it is recommended that you seek a second opinion.



    QUESTION:
    Is there anything i can do to shorten my period Naturally and just for this week?! (October 8, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    There is no natural way to stop or re-adjust your period; if you're already on birth control pills there are ways to adjust your cycle, but it is highly recommended you consult your clinician on how to do this as it depends on the type of pill you're on.



    QUESTION:
    my periods are coming later by one week from last 4 months it gives immense pain in the vagina and it feels that everything will fall down on the first day this month i have not yet got them as they are now 2 week due i have noticed that my vagina is giving a bad smell please suggest & help (September 28, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    If your periods have not been normal and you are having unusual odors and or discharges it would be recommended you contact your clinician to have a check up.



    QUESTION:
    My menstrual cycle has been coming later each month. I haven't had one this month and I've taken 2 pregnancy tests. Should I be worried if I skip my period? (September 24, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    There are many factors that can cause irregular menstruation or amenorrhea (cease to have a period for months at a time); stress and changes in diet or exercise are among the most common reasons.

    If you are worried about missing your period, it is recommended that you speak with your clinician. For this and other pregnancy-related questions, please see our Pregnancy FAQ.



    QUESTION: i have always had normal periods but this month i had two and now this one is lasting longer its been almost 2 weeks and i usually only go for 4-5 days whats happening (August 24, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    It is difficult to say what is happening with your body, as many factors could play a role in the sudden change of your menstural cycle. If you are concerned about the changes in your period, it is recommended you speak with your clinician.




    QUESTION:
    Hello, I am a few days late for my period, and I was wondering if this could be due to the fact that I recently had a tonsilectomy and sinus surgery a few weeks ago? Thank you (August 20, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    Illness and stress can have an effect on the menstrual cycle, but it is different for everyone and will usually happen after the fact. Therefore, it could be the stress your body may have been under leading up to, during, and after your surgery.

    If your cycle continues to be late, it would be recommended you see your clinician.



    QUESTION: Why does my flow stop when I go swimming and is it harmful to stay in the pool for a long period of time when I am having my period (August 12, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    The flow of your period is determined by hormone mechanisms that occur within your body. It is unlikely that your period stops when you get in the water, but it could be that the water is washing away the blood released during menstruation, or that the activities you are doing in the water are vigorous, causing your period to become lighter during those times. It is not harmful to stay in the water during your period, however it is recommended you use a tampon when in the pool for many reasons, including hygiene. There are directions on how to insert a tampon on the tampon boxes.



    QUESTION: I had my right fallopian tube removed along with a D&C after an ectopic on May, 26th '04. I had my first period 37 days later on July 1st '04, pretty heavy and lasted about 5-6 days. Then a week later i started spotting from light to medium with nothing but pink/red blood, no uterine lining or tissue and it lasted for about 3 4 days, it stopped and now my tummy is lightly cramping like my period is around the corner again, we have been trying for another baby, is it likley I even ovulated yet? (July 20, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    Having only one fallopian tube may make it less likely to get pregnant in the short term, but as time goes on and there are more ovulations on the side where your remaining tube is, your chances of conception may increase.

    Since you have a previous history of ectopic pregnancy, you may want to consider that whatever made you prone to the first ectopic pregnancy may also be present in your remaining tube (old infection, scarring, etc.). Check with your clinician about what shape your remaining tube is in, and how that might affect your ability to have a normal pregnancy.

    Additionally, your period doesn't have to start on the same day each time; it might take a while for your body to get into a normal menstruation pattern again. Normal cycles can be anywhere from 21 days to every 35 days.

    Lastly, if you think you might be pregnant, it is very important that you see your clinician for a pregnancy test, especially since you have a history of ectopic pregnancy.

    From www.babyzone.com.



    QUESTION:
    I've noticed that my period has gotten shorter over the last three months. Two months ago I noticed that at the start it was coming out thick brown and clumpy and then would turn normal but only last for two to three days. I was given antibiotics IV in the hospital for two and a half days because I was also having lower abdominal pains. All my cultures came back NEGATIVE but my WBC was elevated to 11.2. Today was the second day of my period and it came extremely lightly, only a few spots. Could this be due to the infection, am I early menopausal or is it something else because this is really concerning me. (June 17,2004)

    ANSWER:
    There could be a lot of factors associated with your question including if you are on birth control or not; therefore it would be recommended you talk with your clinician about these issues as they would be able to answer the clinical questions.



    QUESTION:
    What kind of infections can affect the menstrual cycle? (May 13, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    Sometimes it's very dependent on the infection and how your body reacts to the infection and the medication you may be on. It is best to talk with your health care provider to discuss this question.



    QUESTION:
    I was diagnosed with POS a little over a year ago. I first started my period when I was 14 and I am now 21. Between those ages I have had 4 periods. I was put onto a low estrogen birth control to help decrease my elevated progesterone levels. My endrologist also made me loose 15lbs in the last month. I started to bleed on April 6, 04 and ended on April 7, 04. A few days ago I started my reminder pills. I also started an antibiotic for a bladder infection on the 2nd day of my reminder pills. I started to bleed again on April 28, 04 and as of May 2, 04 I am still bleeding. I have the normal signs that go along with the menstrual cycle. I guess my question is should I be concerned that I started to bleed right around the time I started my antibiotics? (May 4, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    Anytime you think you might be having a reaction to a medication, you should talk to the clinician that prescribed it to you; therefore, this is a question
    that would be answered by your clinician.



    QUESTION:
    I purposely lost about 10 pounds in a short period of time.. My periods been absent for 4 months. Will it come back on its own even if i stay the weight i am at now?? (April 6, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    Women usually suffer from amenorrhea (lack of a menstrual period) from losing a lot of weight, not eating properly, exercising too much or from stress. All of these things affect hormones, which in turn affect a woman's menstrual cycle. Your period may come back if you increase the number of calories you consume; however, if you are concerned that your missed period might be due to pregnancy, it is recommended that you see your clinician for a pregnancy test. The Wellness Center does offer nutrition consults with a registered dietitian who can help you find a healthy way to lose weight. If you would like to schedule an appointment please call the Wellness Center at 312.413.2901.



    QUESTION:
    Why does swimming affect the menstrual cycle? I have normal periods during other sports, but swimming makes irregular things happen. Why? (April 1, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    If you cycle becomes or is irregular at any time it is important to see your clinician as there may be other reasons why this is happening.

    On to your question, there isn't anything special about swimming and it's effects on the menstrual cycle, but exercise in general can have an impact on the cycle.

    If someone does any sport intensely - as an athlete, mainly - then this may affect their periods, sometimes stopping a woman's period (ammenorrhea). If swimming is your primary sport and all other sports are not done as frequently or intensely, then that may be why your periods are affected mainly when you swim.



    QUESTION:
    when i have my period i usually have something come out like a clot of blood is this normal? if so why does this happen and what is it (April 1, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    Clots of blood are normal for some women during their period. Clots usually occur on days of heavy cramping and/or bleeding. Your body usually makes compounds called anticoagulants that keep your blood from clotting; however, during days of heavy bleeding and cramping, your body is pushing blood so quickly out of you that your body does not have time to release these anticoagulants. This is why blood then clots during a woman's period.

    If you feel as though you have excessive clotting, or clotting that is not normal for you, it is recommended that you see your clinician.



    QUESTION:
    i was wondering if u can explain something to me about how to calculate the length of a cycle so i can understand when i ovulate. i had a period on feb 22 and my next period was on march 19. i would say that the length of this period is 27days is it? do u count from the first day of your last period to the first day of the next? i have always thought i have regular periods of 28-30 days can u please tell me if i am calculating this right and if i am not what is the correct way? (April 1, 2004)

    ANSWER:
    The first day of the cycle is the first day of a woman's period/bleeding; counting continues each day until the woman begins her next period. If a woman has a 28-day cycle then ovulation would occur around day 14. It is difficult to pin point a woman's ovulation day unless you go through a process to determine the day therefore it is usually an estimated day.



    QUESTION:
    I am 29 yrs old, I have always had irregular periods. They range from on time and light, to late and very heavy. For the past 3-4 months, I will not have a period. but i will the next month. (skipped Dec., had 1 in Jan, skipped Feb. and still waiting for it. It get very moody and irritated when i am late like this. Should i not wait, and go see a doctor, or is this normal? Thanks... (March 9, 2004)

    ANSWER: Having an irregular period could be related to stress, hormonal imbalances, excessive exercise, pregnancy, and severe nutrition deficiencies, among other potential factors. All of these factors can influence a woman's reproductive cycle.

    If you are concerned about the irregularity of your periods, it would be best to talk to your clinician. S/he might have suggestions about how you can regulate your period, as well as how to cope with your irritability.



    QUESTION:
    My girlfriend began her period about a day or two ago, but then she told me it stopped. She said it only lasted a day. What does that mean and what is the reason for that to happen? (March 1, 2004)

    ANSWER: Having an irregular period could be related to stress, hormonal imbalances, excessive exercise, and severe nutrition deficiencies, among other potential factors. All of these factors can influence a woman's reproductive cycle.

    A change in a period may also be an indicator of pregnancy. If your girlfriend thinks she could potentially be pregnant (i.e. didn't use a birth control method, your usual method failed, etc.) then is it recommended she contact a clinician for a pregnancy test to prove/disprove a pregnancy.



    QUESTION:
    I started my period when I was 11 and had it once than not for another 2 years. I am 22 now and have always had irregular periods until I was 19 and my doctor put me on birth control. the problem is, about 3 months ago i had to be taken off birth control quickly because my doctor figure sit is the cause of severe high blood pressure and since then I have not had a period. I went on the pill to be regular and now I am not. We don't have a gynecologist in our town and it takes about 5 months to get an appointment I was wondering if I should just tell my doctor I want an appointment to see a gynecologist because I have the fear that when I want to have children i won't be able to. I know I am not pregnant. (February 26, 2004)

    ANSWER: Menstrual cycles that vary more than a few days in length from month to month are considered irregular. Most menstrual cycle intervals occur about every four weeks, with the normal range between 24 and 35 days. To measure your menstrual cycle, start counting from the first day of your last period and stop counting on the first day of your next period.

    Don't worry if you have one or two irregular cycles; occasionally all women have variations. True irregularity persists over several months so if you do notice wide fluctuations in your cycle, it is best to speak to your clinician about it.

    Many women experience widely spaced periods typically having one or two periods every six months. A wide range of conditions can cause irregular periods, including pregnancy, stress, weight loss, lifestyle changes, hormone imbalance, infection, tumors, or the approach of menopause. It is very unlikely that there is a serious underlying cause but women often seek an explanation and reassurance from their clinician.

    If you are concerned about the cause of your irregular menstrual cycles, it is recommended you speak with your clinician. General practitioners are knowledgeable in a wide variety of topics; however, a gynecologist or other practitioner specializing in reproductive health may be more knowledgeable about your specific condition. However, waiting 5 months for an appointment with a gynecologist may not be in your best interest; be sure to discuss this with you current practitioner- s/he will be able to recommend a course of action that is best suited for your situation.

    In the meantime, if you are sexually active, remember to use an alternative form of birth control, such as a condom, to reduce your risk of an unplanned pregnancy, and continue to have your high blood pressure monitored by a medical professional.



    QUESTION:
    I am asking a question for my girlfriend.She has been on the pill for 3 weeks now, we made love while she was menstruating. Her menstruation got very heavy since that day and she has not been feeling very well. I am very concerned about it and so is she. Could something have possibly been torn by the love making? Or can the pill have an effect like this with her menstruation? (February 17, 2004)

    ANSWER: If your girlfriend is new to taking the pill, her body might be adjusting to the changes in hormones. Many women experience side effects when they first go on the pill, usually within the first one to three months. The vast majority of women have only minor side effects.

    Some of these side effects are: light bleeding between menstrual periods, skipped periods, heavy bleeding, nausea, weight change, bloating, increase in vaginal infections, abdominal pain, or headaches

    If your girlfriend is concerned about the heaviness of her period, she should see her clinician.



    QUESTION:
    I stopped drinking diet soda w/caffeine about 6 weeks ago. Could this be why I have no gotten my period this month. My cycles have always been fairly regular. There is no possibility of pregnancy and no symptoms of pre-menopause. I was drinking up to 5 cans of soda a day. Now I only drink water & caffeine-free tea. (February 5, 2004)

    ANSWER: Many women have late or missed periods for a variety of reasons, including pregnancy, stress, weight loss, lifestyle changes (i.e. changes in diet or exercise), hormone imbalances, infection, tumors, or the approach of menopause. If you are concerned about missing your period, you should see your clinician.

    It would be difficult to link your missing period specifically to a decrease in caffeine intake, but changing your nutritional habits significantly can have an impact.



    QUESTION:
    I am 18 years old and have had irregular periods since the start of menses.They used to occur at intervals of 2-3 months earlier but now the intervals range from 2-5 months and when menstruation does occur it lasts for 7 days and is not painful,the flow is also regular. I've been experiencing severe hair loss since the age of 15. Are irregular periods and hair loss related and what should I do to regularize my periods? (January 13, 2004)

    ANSWER: A wide range of conditions can cause irregular periods, including pregnancy, stress, weight loss, lifestyle changes, hormone imbalance, infection, tumors, or the approach of menopause. Additionally, there are also many causes for hair loss, such as taking certain medications, including birth control pills, low iron levels, malnutrition, and thyroid disorders.

    Often, when hair loss and irregular menstruation are linked there is an imbalance in energy intake and expenditure. For example, if an individual is restricting calories (not eating enough) and exercising vigorously on a regular basis, hair loss and irregular periods may result.

    If you are concerned about your menstrual cycle and hair loss, it is important
    to schedule an appointment to discuss these concerns with your clinician.



    QUESTION:
    Is it normal to have my period approximately every 4 months? Because I never have a regular period. I never know when I'm going to have it, and it doesn't happen every month. It usually happen every 4 months. (December 17, 2003)

    ANSWER: According to the University of Illinois McKinley Health Center, changes in a woman's period can be a result of many things including a change in the release of hormones as well as body weight. A low body weight may cause a prolonged absence of periods whereas excessive body weight may cause abnormal bleeding. Sudden changes in exercise levels or body weight my change bleeding patterns temporarily. Stress and illness can also be causes of menstrual irregularities. Prescribed medications or herbal remedies may also effect menstrual patterns.

    If your periods are irregular or there is a prolonged absence of your menstrual cycle, it is recommended you see a clinician for an evaluation. Some women with irregular periods are suggested by a clinician to take prescribed hormonal medications to regulate menstruation.

    If your periods are irregular and you are heterosexually active, it is recommended, to help reduce the chance of an unplanned pregnancy, that you and your partner(s) use protection as it would be difficult to know when you may ovulate (release of the egg from the ovaries to the fallopian tubes).



    QUESTION:
    Can u miss your period from stress and what not? (December 16, 2003)

    ANSWER: Yes. Each person reacts differently to stress, but some women can miss their periods if they have a great deal of stress in their lives. It's not necessarily the stress that causes them to miss their periods, rather their perceptions of a situation and in turn the reactions their body has towards the stressors (events, issues, people, etc. that lead to a reaction). Some of these bodily reactions can be a change in appetite, insomnia, depression, frustration, irritability, muscle tension, mood swings, negative thinking, apathy, among many others. Identifying your stressors as well as your reactions is important in coping/dealing with the stress in your life. Although you are unable to get rid of stress, there are many ways to help reduce and/or cope. Some of these include:

    Time management
    Balance in your Nutrition
    Taking a vacation
    Exercise
    Assertiveness
    Humor
    Visualization
    Reading
    Talking with a friend/family member
    Journaling

    Again, these are just a few ways to deal with stress. Everyone has to find what works for them as stress management is very individualized.



    QUESTION:
    My period usually lasts for 5 days. Is there anything I can do to shorten the amount of days that it lasts? What about a change in diet? (October 31, 2003)

    ANSWER: A period lasting approximately 5 days is fairly average for women. Unfortunately there is no proven diet that can shorten the length of your period. There are some nutrition guidelines that you can follow during your period to help symptoms of PMS and other discomforts.

    * Eat six small meals a day--3 meals plus 3 small snacks. Eat the normal amount of food you usually eat but spread it out over the day and do not go for long periods of time without eating.

    * Eliminate or reduce caffeine including coffee, tea, colas, and chocolate. If you are a heavy consumer of caffeine, it is best to wean yourself gradually. Many women find that irritability, headaches and swelling and tenderness of breasts decrease when caffeine intake is decreased.

    * Reduce salt. Try not to add salt to foods and limit the intake of the following foods: processed foods, fast foods, potato chips and other salty snacks, lunch meat, bacon, ham, sausage, canned ham, canned soup, instant hot cereals, and condiments (catsup, mustard, etc.). Excess salt intake may worsen water retention symptoms including bloating, and swelling of the hands and feet.

    * Reduce alcohol. Many women find that alcohol affects them more and in more negative ways during the premenstrual period.

    * Exercise: If you have not been exercising, be sure to start slowly, if you already are exercising keep it up. Try to find an activity that you enjoy so you will be more likely to keep it up. The overall recommendation is 3 - 5 days a week of aerobic activity (running, walking, biking, swimming, etc.) for 20 to 60 minutes.



    QUESTION:
    how do i figure out when i ovulate? i have 25 day cycles. (July 25, 2003)

    ANSWER: The most accurate way to figure out when you ovulate is to use the
    Fertility Awareness Method (FAM). To find out more about this method as
    well as other methods, please check out the following website:
    http://www.plannedparenthood.org/bc/WaysToChart.html



    QUESTION:
    Where can I find information about menstrual cycles? (July 16, 2003)

    ANSWER: Please check out Planned Parenthood's website at http://www.plannedparenthood.org/bc/WaysToChart.html, for information on ways to figure out the menstrual cycle. This is very detailed and will explain the options well.



    QUESTION:
    Can drugs affect your period? (the heaviness, length, punctuality, etc.)

    ANSWER: Some drugs can have an affect on your period. Talk to your clinician as to the types of affects a particular drug might have on your period.



    QUESTION: Menopause - Do you need birth control at age 50?

    ANSWER: Some women are still releasing eggs at the onset of menopause, therefore they have the ability to become pregnant. It's very dependent on your body's hormone levels and egg supply.

    Please talk with your clinician in regard to your need for birth control.



    QUESTION: What menopause relief options are available to women that have a history of stroke? Are there any hormone treatments available?

    ANSWER: There are many options out there to relieve symptoms of menopause. Most hormonal treatments can increase the risk of stroke or heart disease therefore it is important for you to research the topic as well as talk with you clinician to decide what will be best for you.

    It is best to consult a skilled, experienced practitioner to determine the remedy, dose, and treatment schedule for whatever therapy is chosen.

    Below are some treatment resources you can check out to find more information in what options you may have regarding relief of menopausal symptoms.

    Planned Parenthood (mid-life services)

    Many Planned Parenthood centers offer mid-life services. To reach the nearest Planned Parenthood health center to ask if mid-life services are offered, call toll-free 1-800-230-PLAN.
    www.plannedparenthood.org
    North American Menopause Society
    (440) 442-7550
    www.menopause.org
    The National Osteoporosis Foundation
    (bone-density information, testing, and physician referrals)
    (202) 223-2226
    www.nof.org
    National Center for Homeopathy
    (877) 624-0613/(703) 548-7790
    www.homeopathic.org
    AAAOM Referrals - American Association of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine
    (612) 379-3865
    www.aaaom.org

    © 2004 The Wellness Center at the University of Illinois at Chicago. All Rights Reserved.