RESEARCH INTERESTS
Neuroscience of Sleep and Breathing
Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders
Animal Models of Disease, Drug Discovery, Mathematical Modeling

My research focuses on the neurobiology of sleep and breathing, with long-range
 goals aimed at understanding the causes and consequences of sleep disorders (e.g. sleep apnea syndrome) and developing improved diagnostic and 
therapeutic options for these clinical disorders. I conduct basic animal investigations to identify and characterize the neural networks responsible for modifying the regulation of breathing pattern in differing sleep/wake states. These studies also aim to identify specific derangements of the nervous system that may lead to clinical disorders such as narcolepsy or sleep apnea syndrome and their manifestations and consequences. In collaboration with Miodrag Radulovacki, Professor of Pharmacology, I have developed an animal model of sleep-disordered breathing and am using this model to test putative drug treatments for sleep apnea. This approach already has led to promising findings in three separate drug trials in patients with sleep apnea syndrome. We are now working with the Food and Drug Administration to design additional clinical trials with related formulations in a larger number of patients.

In collaboration with Bharati Prasad and Jonathan Waxman, research also focuses on drowsy driving – a major public health hazard. The Center has developed and is validating a novel, realistic driving simulator for controlled research studies of drowsy driving. This simulator is being used to study driving behavior in healthy normal sleepers, sleep deprived individuals and patients with narcolepsy or sleep apnea. These studies aim to define the relationships between driving performance and standard measures of sleepiness, as they may vary across clinical disorders. We also are developing physiological monitoring methods suitable to predict driving performance failures in real time. In particular, we are testing pupillometry as a tool for predicting driving performance. These studies may lead to new monitoring devices suitable for over-the-road deployment.

PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND
1985 - 1986
Assistant in Biomedical Engineering and Pediatrics
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA

1985 - 1986
Instructor in Pediatrics and Biomedical Engineering
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

1986 - 1988
Research Instructor
University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago

1988 - 1991
Research Assistant Professor in Medicine
University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago

1989 -
Executive Director of Respiratory Research
Section of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago

1990 -
Director of Research
Center for Sleep and Ventilatory Disorders
University of Illinois Hospital

1991 - 2000
Research Associate Professor of Medicine
University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago

1993 - 2000
Research Associate Professor of Pharmacology
University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago

1998 - 2000
Associate Professor of Bioengineering
University of Illinois at Chicago College of Engineering

2000 - 2005
Professor of Medicine, Bioengineering and Pharmacology
University of Illinois at Chicago

2005 -
Professor of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Medicine, Bioengineering and Pharmacology
Director, Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep and Health Research
University of Illinois at Chicago

REPRESENTATIVE PUBLICATIONS
Kesic, S, A Kalauzi, M Radulovacki, DW Carley, J Saponjic. Coupling changes in cortical and pontine sigma and theta frequency oscillations following monoaminergic lesions in rat. Sleep and Breathing , Epub ahead of print, DOI: 10.1007/s11325-010-0327-6.

Prasad, B, M Radulovacki, CS Olopade, JJ Herdegen, T Logan, DW Carley. Prospective trial of efficacy and safety of ondansetron and fluoxetine in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep , In press.

Waxman, JA, D Graupe, DW Carley. Automated prediction of apnea and hypopnea using a LAMSTAR artificial neural network. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2009, epub ahead of print doi:10.1164/rccm.200907-1146OC.

Prasad, B, DW Carley, JJ Herdegen. Continuous positive airway pressure device-based automated detection of obstructive sleep apnea compared to standard laboratory polysomnography. Sleep and Breathing , In Press.

Mahmood, K, N Akhter, K Eldeirawi, E Önal, JW Christman, DW Carley, JJ Herdegen. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea in a multi-ethnic sample. J Clin Sleep Med , 5:215-221, 2009.

Topchiy, I, M Radulovacki, J Waxman and DW Carley. Cardiorespiratory effects of intertrigeminal area stimulation in vagotomized rats. Brain Research , 1250:120-129, 2009.

Stoiljkovic, M, M Radulovacki and DW Carley. Local antagonism of intertrigeminal region metabotropic glutamate receptors exacerbates apneic responses to intravenous serotonin. Resp Physiol Neurobiol, 165:137-142, 2009.

Carley, DW and M Radulovacki. Pharmacology of vagal afferent influences on disordered breathing during sleep. Resp Physiol Neurobiol , 164:197-203, 2008.

Bojic, T, J Saponjic, M Radulovacki, DW Carley and A Kalauzi. Monotone signal segments analysis as a novel method of breath detection and breath-to-breath interval analysis in rat. Resp Physiol Neurobiol, 161:273-280, 2008.

Isenovic, ER, M Radulovacki and DW Carley. Impact of intertrigeminal region AMPA receptor blockade on respiratory responses in rats. Resp Physiol Neurobiol, 158:39-44, 2007.

Carley, DW, C Olopade, GS Ruigt and M Radulovacki. Efficacy of mirtazapine in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep , 30:35-41, 2007.

Saponjic, J, M Radulovacki and DW Carley. Monoaminergic system lesions increase post-sigh respiratory pattern disturbance during sleep in rats. Physiol Behav , 90:1-10, 2007.

Radulovacki, M, M Stoiljkovic, J Saponjic and DW Carley. Effects of intertrigeminal region NMDA and non-NMDA receptors on respiratory responses in rats. Resp Physiol Neurobiol, 156:40-46, 2007.

Saponjic, S, M Radulovacki and DW Carley. Modulation of respiratory pattern and upper airway muscle activity by the pedunculopontine tegmentum: Role of NMDA receptors. Sleep and Breathing , 10:195-202, 2006.

Carley DW. Drug repurposing: identify, develop and commercialize new uses for existing or abandoned drugs. Part II. IDrugs 8:310-313, 2005.

Carley DW. Drug repurposing: identify, develop and commercialize new uses for existing or abandoned drugs. Part I. IDrugs 8:306-309, 2005.

Saponjic, J, J Cvorovic, M Radulovacki and DW Carley. Serotonin and noradrenaline modulate respiratory pattern disturbances evoked by glutamate injection into pedunculopontine tegmentum of anesthetized rats. Sleep, 28:560-570, 2005.

Radulovacki, M, S Pavlovic, J Saponjic and DW Carley. Modulation of reflex and
sleep related apnea by pedunculopontine tegmental and intertrigeminal neurons.
Resp Physiol Neurobiol, 143:293-306, 2004.

Saponjic, J, M Radulovacki, DW Carley. Respiratory pattern modulation by the
pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus. Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology,
138:223-237, 2003.

Carley, DW, S Pavlovic, M Janelidze and M Radulovacki. Functional role for
cannabinoids in respiratory stability during sleep. Sleep, 25:391-398, 2002.

Carley DW, K Berecek, A Videnovic and M Radulovacki. Sleep disordered
respiration in phenotypically normotensive, genetically hypertensive rats.
Am J Resp Crit Care Med 162: 1474-1479, 2000.

Carley, DW and M Radulovacki. Role of peripheral serotonin in the regulation of
central sleep apneas in rats. Chest , 115:1397-1401, 1999.

Carley DW, SM Trbovic, A Bozanich and M Radulovacki. Cardiopulmonary control in sleeping Sprague-Dawley rats treated with hydralazine. J Appl Physiol 83:1954-1960, 1997.

Carlson DM, DW Carley, E Önal, M Lopata and RC Basner. Acoustically induced
transient arousal increases pharyngeal and diaphragm muscle phasic EMG in normals. J Appl Physiol 76:1553 - 1559, 1994.

Carley DW, E Önal, RM Aronson and M Lopata. Breath by breath interactions
between inspiratory and expiratory duration in occlusive sleep apnea. J Appl Physiol 66:2312-2319, 1989.

Carley DW and DC Shannon. A minimal model of human periodic breathing. J Appl
Physiol 65:1400-1409, 1988.