U.S. PCB Emissions: IADN and RAPIDS Summary Data

Environmental Profile of PCBs in the Great Lakes

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UNITED STATES PCB EMISSIONS INVENTORY

IADN and RAPIDS Summary Data

The Integrated Atmospheric Deposition Network (IADN) is a joint effort of the U.S. and Canada to measure atmospheric deposition of toxic materials to the Great Lakes. The network consists of five master stations-one for each of the five Great Lakes-supplemented by several satellite stations. The IADN master stations are [IADN (b), 1998]:

Eagle Harbor, Michigan on Lake Superior (U.S.)
Sleeping Bear Dunes National lakeshore near Empire, Michigan on Lake Michigan (U.S.)
Sturgeon Point near Evans Center, New York, on Lake Erie (U.S.)
Burnt Island on Lake Huron (Canada)
Point Petre on Lake Ontario (Canada)

The Regional Air Pollutant Inventory Development System (RAPIDS) - RAPIDS was developed as the principal component of the Great Lakes Regional Air Toxics Emissions Inventory Project. It is a multi-jurisdictional project designed for use by local agencies to manage emission information for criteria air contaminants, air toxics, and green house gasses for stationary, mobile, and area sources.

IADN Summary Data Table

IADN data were summarized to assess the atmospheric loadings and concentrations of PCBs in the Great Lakes. Data are available for the Great Lakes from each of the 5 master monitoring stations for each of the Great Lakes for the period of 1990-1993. The table summarizes two EPA reports [IADN (b) and (c), 1998] and characterizes only the atmospheric concentrations of Total PCB at the three U.S. sites, for the years 1990-1993.

The IADN data show that measurable quantities of PCBs, both individual congeners and Total PCB, occur in air and precipitation.

U.S. Great Lakes IADN Summary Data for Total PCB, 1990-1993
Total PCB, Vapor, Precipitation, Particles	No. of Actual Samples, Year	1991 Arithmetic Mean	1991 Geo-metric Mean	1992 Arithmetic Mean	1992 Geometric Mean	1993 Arithmetic Mean
Eagle HarborVapor pg/m3	27- 1991 24- 1992 25- 1993	93.2	75.5	89.6	63.1	127.6
Eagle Harbor Precipitation ng/L	13- 1991 13- 1992	1.4113< Detection Limit (D.L.)		1.77 11<D.L
Sleeping BearVapor pg/m3	21- 1992			156.9	131.2
Sleeping Bear Particles	10- 1992			4.87	4.66
Sleeping BearPrecipitation ng/L	12- 1992 9- 1993			1.29 9<D.L.
Sturgeon PointVapor pg/m3	23- 1992 13-1993			365.2	256.5	2.4223 0<D.L.
Sturgeon Point Precipitation ng/L	12- 1992 13- 1993			0.927 <D.L.		0.7332 13<D,L.

RAPIDS Summary Table

The Regional Air Pollutant Inventory Development System (RAPIDS) - RAPIDS was developed as the principal component of the Great Lakes Regional Air Toxics Emissions Inventory Project. Atmospheric loadings of PCBs have been quantified by the Great Lakes Commission 1998 Inventory of Toxic Air Emissions report [Great Lakes Commission (a), 2002]. This report was produced using RAPIDS to calculate emissions. The Commission estimated that 160.85 pounds of PCBs enter the atmosphere by point, area, and mobile sources, which are defined as follows [Great Lakes Commission (b), 2002]:

Point sources - single, identifiable locations such as smokestacks
Area source - too small and numerous to be assessed, such as gas stations and dry cleaners
Mobile source - from moving vehicles such as aircraft and automobiles

These sources contributed to emissions for the U.S.Great Lakes and Region. The data are summarized in the table below.

1998 Inventory of Toxic Air Emissions Summary*, U.S. Great Lakes States and
SIC	----	3341	4953	4911
Description	Other Sources **	Secondary Nonferrous Metals	Refuse Systems	Electric Services
Emissions	6.83	12/00	27.35	114.67
IL	X		X
IN	X
MI	X		X
MN	X		X
NY	X	X	X
OH
ON	X		X	X
PA
WI	X			X

A blank entry indicates there is no report for that source in that State

* Each jurisdiction estimated emissions for those sources for which data was available.
** Other Sources: Individually less than five percent of the total.
(X) Denotes jurisdictions that have contributed emissions data for this pollutant.

Source of Data forTable: 1998 Inventory of Toxic Air Emissions, Point, Area and Mobile Sources, Figure 2-55, January 2002, Great Lakes Commission (www.glc.org/air/air3.html)

Pie Chart of PCBs 1998 Estimated Emissions, U.S. Great Lakes States &

(Larger Version of the chart)